Resource Objects
The table below lists the Resource Objects that comprise the Enterprise View of the Connected Vehicle Reference Implementation Architecture.
| Resource Object | Description |
|---|---|
| Alternate Mode Transportation Center | The 'Alternate Mode Transportation Center' provides the interface through which non-ITS transportation systems (e.g., airlines, ferry services, passenger-carrying heavy rail) can exchange data with ITS.. This two-way interface enables coordination for efficient movement of people across multiple transportation modes. It also enables the traveler to efficiently plan itineraries which include segments using other modes. |
| Application Component Certification Requirements | The requirements that define the functionality, performance and operational environment of an application component. Certification Requirements must be met in order for an application to be installed in the CVE. |
| Archive Data Repository | "Archive Data Repository" collects data and data catalogs from one or more data sources and stores the data in a focused repository that is suited to a particular set of ITS data users. It includes capabilities for performing quality checks on the incoming data, error notification, and archive to archive coordination. It supports a broad range of implementations, ranging from simple data marts that collect a focused set of data and serve a particular user community to large-scale data warehouses that collect, integrate, and summarize transportation data from multiple sources and serve a broad array of users within a region. |
| Archive Government Reporting | "Archive Government Reporting" selects and formats data residing in an ITS archive to facilitate local, state, and federal government data reporting requirements. |
| Archive On-Line Analysis and Mining | "Archive On-Line Analysis and Mining" provides advanced data analysis, summarization, and mining features that facilitate discovery of information, patterns, and correlations in large data sets. Multidimensional analysis, selective summarization and expansion of data details, and many other advanced analysis services may be offered. |
| Archive Situation Data Archival | "Archive Situation Data Archival" collects and archives traffic, roadway, and environmental information for use in off-line planning, research, and analysis. It controls and collects information directly from equipment at the roadside, reflecting the deployment of traffic detectors that are used primarily for traffic monitoring and planning purposes rather than for traffic management. |
| Archived Data Center | The 'Archived Data Center' collects, archives, manages, and distributes data generated from ITS sources for use in transportation administration, policy evaluation, safety, planning, performance monitoring, program assessment, operations, and research applications. The data received is formatted and tagged with attributes that define the data source, conditions under which it was collected, data transformations, and other information (i.e. meta data) necessary to interpret the data. The archive can fuse ITS generated data with data from non-ITS sources and other archives to generate information products utilizing data from multiple functional areas, modes, and jurisdictions. The archive prepares data products that can serve as inputs to federal, state, and local data reporting systems. The 'Archived Data Center' may reside within an operational center and provide focused access to a particular agency's data archives. Alternatively, it may operate as a distinct center that collects data from multiple agencies and sources and provides a general data warehouse service. |
| Archived Data User Systems | 'Archived Data User Systems' represents the systems users employ to access archived data. The general interface provided allows a broad range of users (e.g. planners, researchers, analysts, operators) and their systems (e.g. databases, models, analytical tools, user interface devices) to acquire data and analyses results from the archive. |
| Authorizing Center | The 'Authorizing Center' provides the functionality needed to enable data exchange between and among mobile and fixed transportation users. Its primary mission is to enable safety, mobility and environmental communications-based applications for both mobile and non-mobile users. The Authorizing Center has some jurisdiction over limited access resources; typically this includes roadside application access and radio spectrum licensing. It may be implemented as an autonomous center or as a set of supporting services that are co-located within another center. |
| Backoffice Service Development System | The systems used to develop backoffice (center) hardware and software components of applications. |
| Backoffice Service Installation System | The systems used to install and configure backoffice (center) hardware and software components. |
| Backoffice Service Maintenance System | The systems used to maintain and upgrade backoffice (center) hardware and software components. |
| Border Inspection | "Border Inspection" manages and supports primary and secondary inspections at the border crossing. |
| Border Inspection Administration | "Border Inspection Administration" performs administrative functions relating to the inspection of goods and vehicles at the border. |
| Border Inspection Administration Center | 'Border Inspection Administration Center' represents back-office systems and databases run by domestic and foreign governmental agencies responsible for the regulation of trade, and the enforcement of customs and immigration laws. These agencies include U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and its counterparts in Canada and Mexico. DHS includes components like Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and Transportation Security Administration (TSA). Other agencies include secondary trade agencies (e.g., U.S. Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture, other USDOT departments, etc.), and agencies from other trading nations. The systems they manage coordinate activities related to the border crossings. These systems support import/export cargo processing and enforcement operations at the border, including programs such as FAST, Automated Commercial Environment (ACE), Nexus (Canada), SENTRI (Mexico), and US-VISIT. |
| Border Inspection System | 'Border Inspection System' represents data systems used at the border for the inspection of people or goods. It supports immigration, customs (trade), agricultural, and FDA inspections as applicable. It includes sensors and surveillance systems to identify and classify drivers and their cargo as they approach a border crossing, the systems used to interface with the back-office administration systems and provide information on status of the crossing or events. |
| Care Facility | The 'Care Facility' represents a hospital or another emergency care facility. It may also represent a third party quality of care information provider. |
| CCMS Authorization | "CCMS Authorization" components provide authorization credentials (e.g., pseudonym certificates) to end entities. The end entity applies for and obtains authorization credentials, enabling the end entity to enter the "Operational" state. This function requires an interactive dialog, including at minimum a Certificate Request from the end entity desiring certificates. This request will be checked for validity, with the embedded enrollment certificate checked against an internal blacklist. If all checks are passed, this function will distribute a bundle of linked pseudonym certificates suitable for use by the requesting end entity, with the characteristics and usage rules of those certificates dependent on the operational policies of the CCMS. It also provides the secure provisioning of a given object's Decryption Key in response to an authorized request from that object. The retrieved Decryption Key will be used by the receiving object to decrypt the "next valid" batch within the set of previously retrieved Security Credential batches. |
| CCMS Enrollment | "CCMS Enrollment" components provide enrollment credentials to end entities. The end entity applies for and obtains enrollment credentials that can be used to communicate with other CCMS components, entering the "Unauthorized" state. CCMS Enrollment components also participate in de-registration processes through interaction with CCMS Revocation components. |
| CCMS Misbehavior Reporting and Action | "CCMS Misbehavior Reporting and Action" components process misbehavior reports from end entities. Misbehavior reports are analyzed and investigated if warranted. Investigated misbehavior reports are correlated with end entities and systemic issues are identified. If revocation is warranted, this component provides information to Authorization or Revocation components to initiate revocation and/or blacklisting, as appropriate. |
| CCMS Provisioning | "CCMS Provisioning" components provide the end entity with material that allows it to enter the "Unenrolled" state. This consists of root certificates and the crypto material that allows it to communicate securely with the Enrollment components. This function ensures the requesting entity meets requirements for provisioning and provides the certificates and relevant policy information to entities that meet the requirements. |
| CCMS Revocation | "CCMS Revocation" components generate the internal blacklist and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) and distribute them to other CCMS components and end entities. Once placed on the CRL, an end entity is in the Unauthorized state. Once placed on the blacklist, an end entity is in the Unenrolled state. |
| Center | This general physical object is used to model core capabilities that are common to any center. |
| Center Connected Vehicle Infrastructure Management | "Center Connected Vehicle Infrastructure Management" is the back office application that supports monitoring and maintenance of the Connected Vehicle infrastructure (RSEs, support systems, and associated communications links). It monitors the performance and configuration of the infrastructure portion of the Connected Vehicle Environment. This includes tracking and management of the infrastructure configuration as well as detection, isolation, and correction of infrastructure service problems. The application also includes monitoring of performance of the infrastructure equipment, including RSEs and communications links. |
| Center Data Collection | "Center Data Collection" collects and stores information that is created in the course of center operations. This data can be used directly by operations personnel or it can be made available to other data users and archives in the region. |
| Center Map Management | "Center Map Management" provides the map functionality necessary to support map updates and use within an operational center. It manages map data for the center and provides map data to center applications that use a map. |
| Center Peer-to-Peer Data Communications | "Center Peer-to-Peer Data Communications" supports general back office communications services. It supports peer-to-peer communications with other regional centers supporting operational data sharing. It also supports general communications with vehicles, supporting the transfer of non-specified (proprietary) data using connected vehicle standards-based communications. |
| Center Permission Management | "Center Permission Management" enables Connected Vehicle system users to request permission to access connected vehicle services. A center may request permission for the center or the infrastructure devices and vehicles associated with the center. |
| Center Support Services | 'Center Support Services' provides foundational functions that support data collection, management, and distribution. It coordinates with Object Registration and Discovery to maintain its registration with respect to location/geographic scope and credentialing information. It maintains the necessary security credentials, authorizations, and associated keys to support communications in the connected vehicle environment. |
| Center Trust Management | "Center Trust Management" manages the certificates and associated keys that are used to sign, encrypt, decrypt, and authenticate messages. It communicates with the Security and Credentials Management System to maintain a current, valid set of security certificates and identifies, logs, and reports events that may indicate a threat to the Connected Vehicle Environment security. |
| Commercial Vehicle | The commercial vehicle includes the sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions necessary to support safe and efficient commercial vehicle operations. It includes two-way communications between the commercial vehicle drivers, their fleet managers, attached freight equipment, and roadside officials, and provides HAZMAT response teams with timely and accurate cargo contents information after a vehicle incident. It can collect and process vehicle, cargo information from the attached freight equipment, and driver safety data and status and alert the driver whenever there is a potential safety or security problem. Basic identification, security and safety status data are supplied to inspection facilities at mainline speeds. In addition, it can automatically collect and record mileage, fuel usage, and border crossings. |
| Commercial Vehicle Administration Center | The 'Commercial Vehicle Administration Center' performs administrative functions supporting credentials, tax, and safety regulations associated with commercial vehicles. It issues credentials, collects fees and taxes, and supports enforcement of credential requirements. It communicates with motor carriers to process credentials applications and collect fuel taxes, weight/distance taxes, and other taxes and fees associated with commercial vehicle operations. It also receives applications for, and issues special Oversize/Overweight and HAZMAT permits in coordination with cognizant authorities. It coordinates with other Commercial Vehicle Administration Centers (in other states/regions) to support nationwide access to credentials and safety information for administration and enforcement functions. It communicates with field equipment to enable credential checking and safety information collection at the roadside. It makes safety information available to qualified stakeholders to identify carriers and drivers that operate unsafely. |
| Commercial Vehicle Check Equipment | 'Commercial Vehicle Check Equipment' supports automated vehicle identification at mainline speeds for credential checking, roadside safety inspections, and weigh-in-motion using two-way data exchange. These capabilities include providing warnings to the commercial vehicle drivers, their fleet managers, and proper authorities of any safety problems that have been identified, accessing and examining historical safety data, and automatically deciding whether to allow the vehicle to pass or require it to stop with operator manual override. Commercial Vehicle Check Equipment also provides supplemental inspection services such as expedited brake inspections, the use of operator hand-held devices, mobile screening sites, on-board safety database access, and the enrollment of vehicles and carriers in the electronic clearance program. |
| Commercial Vehicle Databus | The 'Commercial Vehicle Databus' represents the interface to the heavy vehicle databus that connects on-board systems included in the commercial vehicle. This vehicle is used to transport goods, is operated by a professional driver and typically administered as part of a larger fleet. Commercial Vehicle classification applies to all goods transport vehicles ranging from small panel vans used in local pick-up and delivery services to large, multi-axle tractor-trailer rigs operating on long haul routes. It is a specialized and extended form of the Vehicle Databus that may be subject to different vehicle databus standards and connect with a broad range of components that are specific to commercial vehicles including the systems that are used to monitor, secure, and maintain freight while enroute. As a specialized form of the Vehicle Databus, it also provides access to the general-purpose sensors (e.g., radars, cameras), GPS, drive train monitoring and control systems, and vehicle safety features that support connected vehicle applications. |
| Commercial Vehicle OBE | The Commercial Vehicle On-Board Equipment (OBE) resides in a commercial vehicle and provides the sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions necessary to support safe and efficient commercial vehicle operations. It provides two-way communications between the commercial vehicle drivers, their fleet managers, attached freight equipment, and roadside officials. In CVRIA, a separate 'Vehicle OBE' physical object supports the general V2V and V2I safety applications and other applications that apply to all vehicles, including commercial vehicles. The Commercial Vehicle OBE supplements these general capabilities with capabilities that are specific to commercial vehicles. |
| Commercial Vehicle OBE Service Provider | The 'Commercial Vehicle OBE Service Provider' (CVOBE-SP) is an Australia-specific physical object that provides data exchange and commercial vehicle tracking services to other parties involved in commercial vehicle management. It also manages CV OBEs and the operational software on those devices. |
| Cooperative ITS Credentials Management System | The 'Cooperative ITS Credentials Management System' (CCMS) is a high-level aggregate representation of the interconnected systems that enable trusted communications between mobile devices and other mobile devices, roadside devices, and centers and protect data they handle from unauthorized access. Representing the different interconnected systems that make up a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), this physical object represents an end user view of the credentials management system with focus on the exchanges between the CCMS and user devices that support the secure distribution, use, and revocation of trust credentials. |
| Core Authorization | "Core Authorization" manages authorization mechanisms to define permissions for System Users. This enables the Core System to establish operational environments where different System Users may have different capabilities in terms of accessing Core services and interacting with one another. For instance, some Mobile elements may be authorized to request signal priority, or some Centers may be permitted to use the geographic broadcast service, while those without those permissions would not. |
| CV Driver Work Records | "CV Driver Work Records" is an Australia-specific application object. |
| CV On-Board Access Monitoring | "CV On-Board Access Monitoring" is an Australia-specific application object. |
| CV On-Board Cargo Monitoring | "CV On-Board Cargo Monitoring" monitors the location and status of the commercial vehicle and its cargo. It sends the collected data to appropriate centers and roadside facilities, including emergency management in the case of HAZMAT incidents. Depending on the nature of the cargo, it may include sensors that measure temperature, pressure, load leveling, acceleration, and other attributes of the cargo. |
| CV On-Board Drayage Support | "CV On-Board Drayage Support" communicates with the Intermodal Terminal, Fleet and Freight Management (dispatch), and third party services to support efficient drayage operations. This application provides information to the commercial vehicle driver identifying loads and efficient schedules and routes for transport to avoid terminal congestion and minimize bobtail/dry runs. It provides information to dispatch on current truck/equipment/load status. |
| CV On-Board Electronic Screening Support | "CV On-Board Electronic Screening Support" exchanges information with roadside facilities, providing information such as driver, vehicle, and carrier identification to roadside facilities that can be used to support electronic screening. Pass/pull-in messages are received and presented to the commercial vehicle driver and screening events are recorded. Additional information, including trip records (e.g., border clearance information), safety inspection records, cargo information, and driver status information may also be collected, stored, and made available to the roadside facility. |
| CV On-Board Mass Monitoring | "CV On-Board Mass Monitoring" is an Australia-specific application object. |
| CV On-Board Safety and Security | "CV On-Board Safety and Security" collects and processes vehicle and driver safety and security information and provides safety and security information to the Fleet and Freight Management Center. It also supplies this information to the roadside facilities both at mainline speeds and while stopped for inspections. Safety information may also be provided at predetermined trigger areas using wireless communications. The capability to alert the commercial vehicle driver whenever there is a critical safety or security problem or potential emergency is also provided. The package also supports on-board driver safety log maintenance and checking. |
| CV On-Board Signal Priority | "CV On-board Signal Priority" provides the capability for commercial vehicles to determine eligibility for priority and request signal priority at signalized intersections, ramps, and interchanges through short range communication with traffic control equipment at the roadside. |
| CV On-Board Speed Monitoring | "CV On-Board Speed Monitoring" is an Australia-specific application object. |
| CV On-Board Trip Monitoring | "CV On-Board Trip Monitoring" provides the capabilities to support fleet management with automatic vehicle location and automated mileage and fuel reporting and auditing. In addition, this equipment is used to monitor the planned route and notify the Fleet and Freight Management Center of any deviations. |
| CVAC Credentials and Taxes Administration | "CVAC Credentials and Taxes Administration" issues credentials, collects fees and taxes, and supports enforcement of credential requirements. It manages driver licensing and enrolls carriers in additional CVO programs such as wireless roadside inspection programs. It communicates with the Fleet and Freight Management Centers associated with the motor carriers to process applications and collect fuel taxes, weight/distance taxes, and other taxes and fees associated with commercial vehicle operations. It also receives applications for, and issues special Oversize/Overweight and HAZMAT permits in coordination with other cognizant authorities. It supports user account management and receives and processes requests for review of carrier and driver status. It communicates with similar packages in other jurisdictions to exchange credentials database information. |
| CVAC Information Exchange | "CVAC Information Exchange" supports the exchange of safety, credentials, permit data, and other data concerning the operation of commercial vehicles among jurisdictions. The package also supports the exchange of safety, credentials, permit, and operations data between systems (for example, an administrative center and the roadside check facilities) within a single jurisdiction. Data are collected from multiple authoritative sources and packaged into snapshots (top-level summary and critical status information) and profiles (detailed and historical data). Data is made available to fleet operators and other information requestors on request or based on subscriptions established by the requestor. |
| CVAC International Administration | "CVAC International Administration" generates and processes the entry documentation necessary to obtain release of vehicle, cargo, and driver across an international border, report the results of the crossing event, and handle duty fee processing. It interfaces with the systems used by customs and border protection, immigration, carriers, and service providers (e.g., brokers) to generate, process, and store entry documentation. |
| CVAC Safety and Security Administration | "CVAC Safety and Security Administration" provides commercial vehicle safety and security criteria to roadside check facilities, collects and reviews safety and security data from the field and distributes safety and security information to other centers, carriers, and enforcement agencies. It also supports wireless roadside inspections, including carrier enrollment, managing and distributing information about trigger areas where wireless inspections may occur, and monitoring the condition of the commercial vehicle and driver using wireless communications at identified trigger areas. It supports the collection and review of carrier and driver safety and security data and supports determination of the carrier and driver safety and security ratings. It clears the out-of-service status when the responsible carrier or driver reports that deficiencies flagged during inspections have been corrected. |
| CVCE Citation and Accident Electronic Recording | "CVCE Citation and Accident Electronic Recording" documents accidents, citations, and violations identified during roadside safety inspections and forwards the information to the Commercial Vehicle Administration Center for processing. It collects data from the vehicle to help characterize the circumstances surrounding the accident. |
| CVCE Electronic Screening | "CVCE Electronic Screening" supports electronic credentials and safety screening of commercial vehicles at mainline speeds. It processes the data from the commercial vehicles along with accessed database information to determine whether a pull-in message is needed. It may also generate random pull-in messages with provisions for facility operators and enforcement officials to have manual override capabilities. |
| CVCE International Border Crossing | "CVCE International Border Crossing" checks compliance with import/export and immigration regulations to manage release of commercial vehicle, cargo, and driver across an international border. It includes interfaces to the equipment at international border crossings operated by government agencies such as Customs and Border Protection. |
| CVCE Safety and Security Inspection | "CVCE Safety and Security Inspection" supports the roadside safety inspection process, including wireless roadside inspections that are conducted remotely. It reads on-board safety data at mainline speeds to rapidly check the vehicle and driver and accesses historical safety data after identifying vehicles at mainline speeds or while stopped at the roadside. The capabilities to process safety data and issue pull-in messages or provide warnings to the driver, carrier, and enforcement agencies are also provided. It includes hand held or automatic devices to rapidly inspect the vehicle and driver. Results of screening and summary safety inspection data are stored and maintained. Since a vehicle may cross jurisdictional boundaries during a trip, it supports the concept of a last clearance event record carried on the vehicle tag. The last clearance event record reflects the results of the roadside verification action. For example, if the vehicle is pulled over in State A and undergoes credential, weight, and safety checks, the results of the clearance process are written to the vehicle s tag. If the vehicle continues the trip and passes a roadside station in State B, the State B station has access to the results of the previous pull-in because it can read the last clearance event record written by the State A roadside station. It associates high-risk cargo with the container/chassis, manifest, carrier, vehicle and driver transporting it. |
| CVOBE-SP Information Exchange | "CVOBE-SP Information Exchange" is an Australia-specific application object. |
| CVOBE-SP Safety and Security Administration | "CVOBE-SP Safety and Security Administration" is an Australia-specific application object. |
| Data Distribution System | The 'Data Distribution System' collects, processes, and distributes connected vehicle data, connecting data producers with data consumers and facilitating data exchange in the Connected Vehicle Environment. |
| DDS Data Access Management | "DDS Data Access Management" defines the access mechanisms, structures and restrictions for inbound (from providers) and outbound (to consumers) data. |
| DDS Data Collection and Aggregation | "DDS Data Collection and Aggregation" collects data "deposits" from producers including meta data such as the generation location and time. It authenticates and validates the data deposits and logs all associated meta data. Authenticated, valid data is bundled based on information type and location and made available as data products to consumers who are interested in the data. It establishes delivery parameters for data consumers that subscribe based on parameters including content type and geographic region of interest and delivers data to consumers based on these parameters. |
| DDS Privacy Services | "DDS Privacy Services" operates as a proxy, replacing the mobile device's network address with the DDS's, and tagging the message so that it can return replies to the mobile device. |
| DDS Support Services | "DDS Support Services" provides foundational functions that support data collection, management, and distribution. It coordinates with Object Registration and Discovery to maintain its registration with respect to location/geographic scope and credentialing information. It maintains the necessary security credentials, authorizations, and associated keys to support communications in the connected vehicle environment. It also provides an overall service monitoring function. |
| DDS Trust Management | 'DDS Trust Management' manages the certificates and associated keys that are used to sign, encrypt, decrypt, and authenticate messages. It communicates with the Cooperative ITS Credentials Management System to maintain a current, valid set of security certificates and identifies, logs, and reports events that may indicate a threat to the Connected Vehicle Environment security. |
| Device Certification Requirements | The requirements that define the functionality, performance and operational environment of a connected vehicle device. Certification Requirements must be met in order for the device to be granted the credentials necessary to operate in the Connected Vehicle Environment. |
| DMV | The 'DMV' is a specific (state) public organization responsible for registering vehicles, e.g., the Department of Motor Vehicles. |
| Drayage Operations Optimization Service | The "Drayage Operations Optimization Service" provides a portal for shippers and receivers to post their loads in need of transport and provide an opportunity for commercial vehicles to find a load to haul on their trip back to/from an intermodal facility. It connects load matching services with container and chassis/equipment availability information and appointment/reservations services from the intermodal terminals to provide an optimized, regionally integrated view of intermodal container transport for drayage operators. |
| Electric Charging Station | The 'Electric Charging Station' provides access to electric vehicle supply equipment that is used to charge hybrid and all-electric vehicles. This includes public charging stations that support consumers, workplace charging stations, and fleet charging stations. |
| Electric Charging Station Management | 'Electric Charging Station Management' manages vehicle charging. It communicates with the vehicle during charging and provides charge status information to the driver. A connection with Roadside Equipment provides the capability to integrate charging station coordination and communication into the broader Connected Vehicle Environment. |
| Emergency Call-Taking | "Emergency Call-Taking" supports the emergency call-taker, collecting available information about the caller and the reported emergency, and forwarding this information to other objects that formulate and manage the emergency response. It receives 9-1-1, 7-digit local access, and motorist call-box calls and interfaces to other agencies to assist in the verification and assessment of the emergency and to forward the emergency information to the appropriate response agency. |
| Emergency Commercial Vehicle Response | "Emergency Commercial Vehicle Response" identifies and initiates a response to commercial vehicle and freight equipment related emergencies. These emergencies may include incidents involving hazardous materials as well as the detection of non-permitted transport of security sensitive hazmat. It identifies the location of the vehicle, the nature of the incident, the route information, and information concerning the freight itself. The information supports the determination of the response and identifies the responding agencies to notify. |
| Emergency Dispatch | "Emergency Dispatch" tracks the location and status of emergency vehicles and dispatches these vehicles to incidents. Pertinent incident information is gathered from the public and other public safety agencies and relayed to the responding units. Incident status and the status of the responding units is tracked so that additional units can be dispatched and/or unit status can be returned to available when the incident is cleared and closed. |
| Emergency Environmental Monitoring | "Emergency Environmental Monitoring" collects current and forecast road conditions and surface weather information from a variety of sources. The collected environmental information is monitored and presented to the operator and used to more effectively manage incidents. |
| Emergency Evacuation Support | "Emergency Evacuation Support" coordinates evacuation plans among allied agencies and manages evacuation and reentry of a population in the vicinity of a disaster or other emergency that poses a risk to public safety. Where appropriate, the affected population is evacuated in shifts, using more than one evacuation route, and including several evacuation destinations to spread demand and thereby expedite the evacuation. All affected jurisdictions (e.g., states and counties) at the evacuation origin, evacuation destination, and along the evacuation route are informed of the plan. The public is provided with real-time evacuation guidance including basic information to assist potential evacuees in determining whether evacuation is necessary. Resource requirements are forecast based on the evacuation plans, and the necessary resources are located, shared between agencies if necessary, and deployed at the right locations at the appropriate times. The evacuation and reentry status are monitored and used to refine the plan and resource allocations during the evacuation and subsequent reentry. It communicates with public health systems to develop evacuation plans and recommended strategies for disasters and evacuation scenarios involving biological or other medical hazards. |
| Emergency Incident Command | "Emergency Incident Command" provides tactical decision support, resource coordination, and communications integration for Incident Commands that are established by first responders at or near the incident scene to support local management of an incident. It supports communications with public safety, emergency management, transportation, and other allied response agency centers, tracks and maintains resource information, action plans, and the incident command organization itself. Information is shared with agency centers including resource deployment status, hazardous material information, traffic, road, and weather conditions, evacuation advice, and other information that enables emergency or maintenance personnel in the field to implement an effective, safe incident response. It supports the functions and interfaces commonly supported by a mobile command center. |
| Emergency Management Center | The 'Emergency Management Center' represents systems that support incident management, disaster response and evacuation, security monitoring, and other security and public safety-oriented ITS applications. It includes the functions associated with fixed and mobile public safety communications centers including public safety call taker and dispatch centers operated by police (including transit police), fire, and emergency medical services. It includes the functions associated with Emergency Operations Centers that are activated at local, regional, state, and federal levels for emergencies and the portable and transportable systems that support Incident Command System operations at an incident. This Center also represents systems associated with towing and recovery, freeway service patrols, HAZMAT response teams, and mayday service providers. It manages sensor and surveillance equipment used to enhance transportation security of the roadway infrastructure (including bridges, tunnels, interchanges, and other key roadway segments) and the public transportation system (including transit vehicles, public areas such as transit stops and stations, facilities such as transit yards, and transit infrastructure such as rail, bridges, tunnels, or bus guideways). It provides security/surveillance services to improve traveler security in public areas not a part of the public transportation system. It monitors alerts, advisories, and other threat information and prepares for and responds to identified emergencies. It coordinates emergency response involving multiple agencies with peer centers. It stores, coordinates, and utilizes emergency response and evacuation plans to facilitate this coordinated response. Emergency situation information including damage assessments, response status, evacuation information, and resource information are shared The Emergency Management Center also provides a focal point for coordination of the emergency and evacuation information that is provided to the traveling public, including wide-area alerts when immediate public notification is warranted. It tracks and manages emergency vehicle fleets using real-time road network status and routing information from the other centers to aid in selecting the emergency vehicle(s) and routes, and works with other relevant centers to tailor traffic control to support emergency vehicle ingress and egress, implementation of special traffic restrictions and closures, evacuation traffic control plans, and other special strategies that adapt the transportation system to better meet the unique demands of an emergency. |
| Emergency Notification Support | "Emergency Notification Support" receives emergency notification messages from vehicles or personal handheld devices, determines an appropriate response, and either uses internal resources or contacts a local agency to provide that response. The nature of the emergency is determined based on the information in the received message as well as other inputs. This object effectively serves as an interface between automated collision notification systems and the local public safety answering point for messages that require a public safety response. This capability depends on an up-to-date registry of public safety answering points/response agencies by coverage area, the type of emergency, and hours of service. |
| Emergency Response Management | "Emergency Response Management" provides the strategic emergency response capabilities and broad inter-agency interfaces that are implemented for extraordinary incidents and disasters that require response from outside the local community. It provides the functional capabilities and interfaces commonly associated with Emergency Operations Centers. It develops and stores emergency response plans and manages overall coordinated response to emergencies. It monitors real-time information on the state of the regional transportation system including current traffic and road conditions, weather conditions, special event and incident information. It tracks the availability of resources and assists in the appropriate allocation of these resources for a particular emergency response. It also provides coordination between multiple allied agencies before and during emergencies to implement emergency response plans and track progress through the incident. It also coordinates with the public through the Emergency Telecommunication Systems (e.g., Reverse 911). It coordinates with public health systems to provide the most appropriate response for emergencies involving biological or other medical hazards. |
| Emergency Routing | "Emergency Routing" supports routing of emergency vehicles and enlists support from the Traffic Management Center to facilitate travel along these routes. Routes may be determined based on real-time traffic information and road conditions or routes may be provided by the Traffic Management Center on request. Vehicles are tracked and routes are based on current vehicle location. It may coordinate with the Traffic Management Center to provide preemption or otherwise adapt the traffic control strategy along the selected route. |
| Emergency Telecommunications System | The 'Emergency Telecommunications System' represents the telecommunications systems that connect a caller with a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP). These systems transparently support priority wireline and wireless caller access to the PSAP through 9-1-1 and other access mechanisms like 7 digit local access numbers, and motorist aid call boxes. The calls are routed to the appropriate PSAP, based on caller location when this information is available. When available, the caller's location and call-back number are also provided to the PSAP by this interface. This facility may also be used to notify the public - residents and businesses - of emergency situations using a Reverse 911 capability. |
| Emergency Vehicle | The "Emergency Vehicle" represents a range of vehicles including those operated by police, fire, and emergency medical services, as well as incident response vehicles including towing and recovery vehicles and freeway service patrols. |
| Emergency Vehicle Databus | The 'Emergency Vehicle Databus' represents the vehicle databus that interfaces with on-board equipment on a public safety vehicle. It is a specialized and extended form of the Vehicle Databus that may be subject to different vehicle databus standards and hosts a broad range of components that are specific to emergency vehicles including the lightbar/siren and on-board apparatus that supports law enforcement, firefighting, and emergency medical services. As a specialized form of the Vehicle Databus, it also provides access to the general-purpose sensors (e.g., radars, cameras), GPS, drive train monitoring and control systems, and vehicle safety features that support connected vehicle applications. In CVRIA, the 'Emergency Vehicle Databus' is used to represent the onboard interactions between the Emergency Vehicle OBE and the other systems included in a host emergency vehicle. |
| Emergency Vehicle OBE | The Emergency Vehicle On-Board Equipment (OBE) resides in an emergency vehicle and provides the processing, storage, and communications functions that support public safety-related connected vehicle applications. It represents a range of vehicles including those operated by police, fire, and emergency medical services. In addition, it represents other incident response vehicles including towing and recovery vehicles and freeway service patrols. It includes two-way communications to support coordinated response to emergencies. In CVRIA, a separate 'Vehicle OBE' physical object supports the general V2V and V2I safety applications and other applications that apply to all vehicles, including emergency vehicles. The Emergency Vehicle OBE supplements these general capabilities with capabilities that are specific to emergency vehicles. |
| Emergency Work Zone Safety Management | "Emergency Work Zone Safety Management" remotely monitors work zone safety systems that detect vehicle intrusions in work zones and warns on-scene personnel and drivers of imminent encroachment. Crew movements are also monitored so that the crew can be warned of movement beyond the designated safe zone. |
| Emissions Connected Vehicle Monitoring | "Emissions Connected Vehicle Monitoring" collects emissions data reported by passing vehicles and uses this data to support air quality management and planning. Coordination with traffic management supports air quality-responsive management of traffic. |
| Emissions Data Management | "Emissions Data Management" collects and stores air quality and vehicle emissions information by remotely monitoring and controlling area wide and point sensors. General air quality measures are distributed as general traveler information and also may be used in demand management programs. Collected roadside emissions are analyzed and used to detect, identify, and notify concerned parties regarding vehicles that exceed emissions standards. |
| Emissions Management Center | The 'Emissions Management Center' provides the capabilities for air quality managers to monitor and manage air quality. These capabilities include collecting emissions data from distributed emissions sensors (included in ITS Roadway Equipment in CVRIA) and directly from connected vehicles. The sensors monitor general air quality and also monitor the emissions of individual vehicles on the roadway. The measures are collected, processed, and used to support environmental monitoring applications. |
| Emissions Zone Management | "Emissions Zone Management" identifies existing and potential emissions hot spots and coordinates with transportation agencies and their systems to establish low emissions zones to manage air quality in these areas. Through this coordination, the geographic boundary, restrictions, and pricing for the low emissions zone are established and adjusted. |
| Enforcement Center | The 'Enforcement Center' represents the systems that receive reports of violations detected by various ITS facilities including individual vehicle emissions, lane violations, toll violations, CVO violations, etc. |
| EV On-Board En Route Support | "EV On-board En Route Support" provides communications functions to responding emergency vehicles that reduce response times and improve safety of responding public safety personnel and the general public. It supports traffic signal preemption via short range communication directly with signal control equipment and sends alert messages to surrounding vehicles. |
| EV On-Board Incident Management Communication | "EV On-board Incident Management Communication" provides communications support to first responders. Information about the incident, information on dispatched resources, and ancillary information such as road and weather conditions are provided to emergency personnel. Emergency personnel transmit information about the incident such as identification of vehicles and people involved, the extent of injuries, hazardous material, resources on site, site management strategies in effect, and current clearance status. Emergency personnel may also send in-vehicle signing messages to approaching traffic using short range communications. |
| EV On-Board Safety Monitoring | "EV On-Board Safety Monitoring" detects vehicle intrusions in the vicinity of the vehicle and warns emergency personnel of imminent encroachment. Personnel movements in the vicinity of the vehicle are also monitored so that the personnel can be warned of movement beyond a designated safe zone. |
| Event Promoters | 'Event Promoters' represents Special Event Sponsors that have knowledge of events that may impact travel on roadways or other modal means. Examples of special event sponsors include sporting events, conventions, motorcades/parades, and public/political events. These promoters interface to the ITS to provide event information such as date, time, estimated duration, location, and any other information pertinent to traffic movement in the surrounding area. |
| Field Component Development System | The system used in a backoffice environment to develop and test the field component of the application. |
| Field Component Installation System | The system used to install a field component of a connected vehicle application. |
| Field Component Maintenance System | The system used to install and configure changes and updates to the field component of the application. This system is capable of acquiring and reporting diagnostic information about the application's configuration and performance. |
| Field Location and Time Data Source | The 'Field Location and Time Data Source' provides accurate position information for field devices such as Roadside Equipment (RSE). While a Global Positioning System (GPS) Receiver is the most common implementation, this physical object represents any technology that provides a position fix in three dimensions and time with sufficient accuracy. |
| Field Support | "Field Support" provides field personnel with diagnostic information from field equipment and provides the capability for field personnel to locally control and configure this equipment to support on-site installation, repair, and maintenance. |
| Field Support Equipment | 'Field Support Equipment' represents the portable equipment used by field personnel to locally troubleshoot, initialize, reprogram, and test infrastructure equipment. It may include a laptop, specialized diagnostics tools, or any other general purpose or specialized equipment that is interfaced locally to infrastructure equipment to support maintenance and repair. |
| Financial Center | The 'Financial Center' represents the organization that handles electronic fund transfer requests to enable the transfer of funds from the user of the service to the provider of the service. The functions and activities of financial clearinghouses are subsumed by this entity. |
| Fleet Administration | "Fleet Administration" provides vehicle tracking, dispatch, and reporting capabilities to fleet management center personnel. It gathers current road conditions and traffic information, prepares vehicle routes, and provides a fleet interface for toll collection. It also provides route plan information for network performance evaluation. As part of the tracking function, it monitors commercial vehicle location, compares it against the known route and notifies the Emergency Management Center and Fleet-Freight Manager of any deviations, including HAZMAT route restriction violations. It supports carrier participation in wireless roadside inspection programs, monitoring geographic trigger areas and providing current safety data on behalf of the commercial vehicles it manages. It supports pre-hiring checks for potential drivers and monitors the performance of each driver who is hired. It also supports ongoing monitoring of the company's safety performance. |
| Fleet and Freight Management Center | The 'Fleet and Freight Management Center' provides the capability for commercial drivers and fleet-freight managers to receive real-time routing information and access databases containing vehicle and/or freight equipment locations as well as carrier, vehicle, freight equipment and driver information. The 'Fleet and Freight Management Center' also provides the capability for fleet managers to monitor the safety and security of their commercial vehicle drivers and fleet. |
| Fleet Maintenance Management | "Fleet Maintenance Management" tracks and monitors diagnostic results, vehicle mileage, inspection records, driver logs, and repair and service records collected from a commercial vehicle fleet equipped with on-board monitoring equipment. The data is used to develop preventative maintenance and repair schedules and repair and service records are maintained. |
| Freight Administration and Management | "Freight Administration and Management" manages the movement of freight from source to destination. It interfaces to intermodal customers to setup and schedule transportation and coordinates with intermodal terminals and freight consolidation stations to coordinate the shipment. It coordinates with the appropriate government agencies to expedite the movement of trucks, their drivers, and their cargo across international borders. The application monitors the status of the freight and freight equipment (container, trailer, or chassis) and monitors freight location and compares it against the planned route. |
| Freight Consolidation Station | The 'Freight Consolidation Station' is an intermediate point (usually an intermodal terminal located at a port) prior to (or after) container-based shipping, where less-than-container load or less-than-truckload cargoes are consolidated into full container loads (or full containers are disbursed), for cost-effective intermodal shipping. |
| Freight Distribution and Logistics Center | The 'Freight Distribution and Logistics Center' provides intermodal logistics support and support for the efficient distribution of freight across transport systems and modes. This can include consolidation arrangements, warehousing, and consignor-to-consignee intermodal shipping arrangements. These capabilities may be provided as part of intermodal fleet management activities or can be provided by an independent logistics specialist. |
| Freight Equipment | 'Freight Equipment' represents a freight container, intermodal chassis, or trailer and provides sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions necessary to support safe, secure and efficient freight operations. It provides equipment safety data and status and can alert the appropriate systems of an incident, breach, or tamper event. It also provides accurate position information to support in-transit visibility of freight equipment. |
| Freight Equipment Monitoring | "Freight Equipment Monitoring" includes the on-board devices used to monitor intermodal freight equipment. These devices provide freight equipment location and status of the freight, container, or chassis equipment. |
| Government Reporting Systems | 'Government Reporting Systems' represents the system and associated personnel that prepare the inputs to support the various local, state, and federal government transportation data reporting requirements (e.g. Highway Performance Monitoring System, Fatality Analysis Reporting System) using data collected by ITS systems. It represents a system interface that provides access to the archived data relevant to these reports. In most cases, this system will combine data collected from ITS archives with data from non-ITS sources to assemble the required information. |
| Intermodal Customer System | The 'Intermodal Customer System' represents organizations that engage in the shipment of freight, either originator (consigner or shipper) or recipient of the cargo shipment. They enable the movement of goods on routes that require the use of other modes of transportation such as heavy rail, air, sea, etc. The Intermodal Customer System includes those personnel responsible for the movement of freight across international borders. |
| Intermodal Terminal | The 'Intermodal Terminal' represents the terminal areas corresponding to modal change points. This includes interfaces between roadway freight transportation and air, rail, and/or water shipping modes. The basic unit of cargo handled by the Intermodal Terminal physical object is the container; less-than-container load handling is typically handled at a different facility (i.e., Freight Consolidation Station). The Intermodal Terminal can include electronic gate control for entrance and exit from the facility, automated guidance of vehicles within the facility, alerting appropriate parties of container arrivals and departures, and inventory and location of temporarily stored containers. |
| ITS Certification Requirements | The requirements that define the functionality, performance and operational environment of an ITS device or ITS application. Applicability varies with jurisdictions, but typically devices and applications must meet pre-defined acceptance criteria prior to usage in the transportation environment. |
| ITS Field Component Development System | The system used in a backoffice environment to develop and test the ITS field component of the application. |
| ITS Field Component Installation System | The system used to install a field component of a connected vehicle application. |
| ITS Field Component Maintenance System | The system used to install and configure changes and updates to the ITS field component of the application. This system is capable of acquiring and reporting diagnostic information about the application's configuration and performance. |
| ITS Roadway Equipment | 'ITS Roadway Equipment' represents the ITS equipment that is distributed on and along the roadway that monitors and controls traffic and monitors and manages the roadway itself. In CVRIA, this physical object represents all of the other ITS field equipment that interfaces with and supports the Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment (RSE). This physical object includes traffic detectors, environmental sensors, traffic signals, highway advisory radios, dynamic message signs, CCTV cameras and video image processing systems, grade crossing warning systems, and ramp metering systems. Lane management systems and barrier systems that control access to transportation infrastructure such as roadways, bridges and tunnels are also included. This object also provides environmental monitoring including sensors that measure road conditions, surface weather, and vehicle emissions. Work zone systems including work zone surveillance, traffic control, driver warning, and work crew safety systems are also included. |
| ITS Roadway Payment Equipment | 'ITS Roadway Payment Equipment' represents the roadway components of a toll collection system. It provides the capability for vehicle operators to pay tolls without stopping their vehicles. It supports use of locally determined pricing structures and includes the capability to implement various variable pricing policies. Typically, transactions are accompanied by feedback to the customer and a record of the transactions is provided to a back office system (e.g., the Payment Administration Center). |
| Maint and Constr Management Center | The 'Maint and Constr Management Center' monitors and manages roadway infrastructure construction and maintenance activities. Representing both public agencies and private contractors that provide these functions, this physical object manages fleets of maintenance, construction, or special service vehicles (e.g., snow and ice control equipment). The physical object receives a wide range of status information from these vehicles and performs vehicle dispatch, routing, and resource management for the vehicle fleets and associated equipment. The physical object participates in incident response by deploying maintenance and construction resources to an incident scene, in coordination with other center physical objects. The physical object manages equipment at the roadside, including environmental sensors and automated systems that monitor and mitigate adverse road and surface weather conditions. It manages the repair and maintenance of both non-ITS and ITS equipment including the traffic controllers, detectors, dynamic message signs, signals, and other equipment associated with the roadway infrastructure. Weather information is collected and fused with other data sources and used to support advanced decision support systems. The physical object remotely monitors and manages ITS capabilities in work zones, gathering, storing, and disseminating work zone information to other systems. It manages traffic in the vicinity of the work zone and advises drivers of work zone status (either directly at the roadside or through an interface with the Transportation Information Center or Traffic Management Center physical objects.) Construction and maintenance activities are tracked and coordinated with other systems, improving the quality and accuracy of information available regarding closures and other roadway construction and maintenance activities. |
| Maint and Constr Vehicle | This physical object resides in a maintenance, construction, or other specialized service vehicle or equipment and provides the sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions necessary to support highway maintenance and construction. All types of maintenance and construction vehicles are covered, including heavy equipment and supervisory vehicles. The subsystem provides two-way communications between drivers/operators and dispatchers and maintains and communicates current location and status information. A wide range of operational status is monitored, measured, and made available, depending on the specific type of vehicle or equipment. For example, for a snow plow, the information would include whether the plow is up or down and material usage information. The subsystem may also contain capabilities to monitor vehicle systems to support maintenance of the vehicle itself and other sensors that monitor environmental conditions including the road condition and surface weather information. This subsystem can represent a diverse set of mobile environmental sensing platforms, including wheeled vehicles and any other vehicle that collects and reports environmental information. |
| Maint and Constr Vehicle Databus | The 'Maint and Constr Vehicle Databus' represents the interface to a vehicle databus that provides access to the maintenance-related sensors, GPS, drive train monitoring and control systems, and maintenance control systems that support connected vehicle applications. In CVRIA, this physical object is used to represent the onboard interactions between the OBE and the other systems included in a host vehicle. This interface is used to control the non-ITS systems such as the actual operation of the snow plow, as well as any non-ITS sensor equipment that monitors the amount of materials (e.g., sand or salt) on-board. |
| Maint and Constr Vehicle OBE | The 'Maint and Constr Vehicle OBE' resides in a maintenance, construction, or other specialized service vehicle or equipment and provides the processing, storage, and communications functions necessary to support highway maintenance and construction. All types of maintenance and construction vehicles are covered, including heavy equipment and supervisory vehicles. The MCV OBE provides two-way communications between drivers/operators and dispatchers and maintains and communicates current location and status information. A wide range of operational status is monitored, measured, and made available, depending on the specific type of vehicle or equipment. A snow plow for example, would monitor whether the plow is up or down and material usage information. The Maint and Constr Vehicle OBE may also contain capabilities to monitor vehicle systems to support maintenance of the vehicle itself and include sensors that monitor environmental conditions such as road condition and surface weather information. This can include a diverse set of mobile environmental sensing platforms, including wheeled vehicles and any other vehicle that collects and reports environmental information. In CVRIA, a separate 'Vehicle OBE' physical object supports the general V2V and V2I safety applications and other applications that apply to all vehicles, including maintenance and construction vehicles. The Maint and Constr Vehicle OBE supplements these general applications with applications that are specific to maintenance and construction vehicles. |
| Maintenance and Construction Administrative Systems | 'Maintenance and Construction Administrative Systems' represents the various administrative systems that support the operation of ITS systems for maintenance and construction operations. The interfaces to this object support general administrative data interchanges between ITS and non-ITS systems. This includes: interfaces to purchasing for equipment and consumables resupply, interfaces to human resources that manage training and special certification for field crews and other personnel, and interfaces to contract administration functions that administer and monitor the work performance for maintenance and construction contracts. |
| Map Management | "Map Management" provides the GIS functionality necessary to support map data creation and management. It provides an operator interface that supports management of the map data and rendering of the maps under operator control and interfaces to external data sources, including the connected vehicle environment. |
| Map Update System | The 'Map Update System' represents a provider of map databases used to support ITS services. It supports the provision of the map data that are used directly by vehicles (e.g., roadway and intersection geometry data sets), travelers (e.g., navigable maps used for route guidance and display maps used at traveler information points), system operators (e.g., map data used by Traffic Operators to monitor and manage the road network, and map data used by Fleet Managers to manage a vehicle fleet). It may represent a third-party provider or an internal organization that produces map data for agency use. Products may include simple display maps, map data sets that define detailed road network topology and geometry, or full geographic information system databases that are used to support planning and operations. |
| MCM Environmental Information Collection | "MCM Environmental Information Collection" collects current road and weather conditions using data collected from environmental sensors deployed on and about the roadway. In addition to fixed sensor stations at the roadside, this application object also collects environmental information from sensor systems located on Maintenance and Construction Vehicles. It also collects current and forecast environmental conditions information that is made available by other systems. The application object aggregates the sensor system data and provides it, along with data attributes to other applications. |
| MCM Environmental Information Processing | "MCM Environmental Information Processing" processes current and forecast weather data, road condition information, local environmental data, and uses internal models to develop specialized detailed forecasts of local weather and surface conditions. The processed environmental information products are presented to center personnel and disseminated to other centers. |
| MCM Incident Management | "MCM Incident Management" supports maintenance and construction participation in coordinated incident response. Incident notifications are shared, incident response resources are managed, and the overall incident situation and incident response status is coordinated among allied response organizations. |
| MCM Infrastructure Monitoring | "MCM Infrastructure Monitoring" monitors the condition of pavement, bridges, tunnels, associated hardware, and other transportation-related infrastructure (e.g., culverts). It monitors the infrastructure, collecting data from both fixed and vehicle-based sensors. In addition to specialized infrastructure monitoring sensors, it also monitors the broader population of equipped vehicles for vertical acceleration data and other situation data that may be used to determine current pavement condition. |
| MCM Maintenance Decision Support | "MCM Maintenance Decision Support" recommends maintenance courses of action based on current and forecast environmental and road conditions and additional application specific information. Decisions are supported through understandable presentation of filtered and fused environmental and road condition information for specific time horizons as well as specific maintenance recommendations that are generated by the system based on this integrated information. The recommended courses of action are supported by information on the anticipated consequences of action or inaction, when available. |
| MCM Reduced Speed Zone Warning | "MCM Reduced Speed Zone Warning" supports remote control and monitoring of reduced speed zone warning roadside equipment. It provides posted speed limits and associated schedules and information about associated road configuration changes including lane merges and shifts. It monitors field equipment operation and reports current status to the operator. |
| MCM Roadway Maintenance | "MCM Roadway Maintenance" provides overall management and support for routine maintenance on a roadway system or right-of-way. Services managed include landscape maintenance, hazard removal (roadway debris, dead animals), routine maintenance activities (roadway cleaning, grass cutting), and repair and maintenance of both ITS and non-ITS equipment on the roadway (e.g., signs, traffic controllers, traffic detectors, dynamic message signs, traffic signals, etc.). Environmental conditions information is also received from various weather sources to aid in scheduling routine maintenance activities. |
| MCM Winter Maintenance Management | "MCM Winter Maintenance Management" manages winter road maintenance, tracking and controlling snow plow operations, roadway treatment (e.g., salt spraying and other material applications), and other snow and ice control operations. It monitors environmental conditions and weather forecasts and uses the information to schedule winter maintenance activities, determine the appropriate snow and ice control response, and track and manage response operations. |
| MCM Work Activity Coordination | "MCM Work Activity Coordination" disseminates work activity schedules and current asset restrictions to other agencies. Work schedules are coordinated with operating agencies, factoring in the needs and activities of other agencies and adjacent jurisdictions. Work schedules are also distributed to Transportation Information Centers for dissemination to the traveling public. |
| MCM Work Zone Management | "MCM Work Zone Management" remotely monitors and supports work zone activities, controlling traffic through dynamic message signs (DMS), Highway Advisory Radio (HAR), gates and barriers, and informing other groups of activity (e.g., traveler information, traffic management, other maintenance and construction centers) for better coordination management. Work zone speeds, and delays, and closures are provided to the motorist prior to the work zones. This application provides control of field equipment in all maintenance areas, including fixed and portable field equipment supporting both stationary and mobile work zones. |
| MCM Work Zone Safety Management | "MCM Work Zone Safety Management" remotely monitors work zone safety systems that detect vehicle intrusions in work zones and warns crew workers and drivers of imminent encroachment. Crew movements are also monitored so that the crew can be warned of movement beyond the designated safe zone. |
| MCV Environmental Monitoring | "MCV Environmental Monitoring" collects current road and surface weather conditions from sensors on-board the maintenance and construction vehicle or by querying fixed sensors on or near the roadway. Environmental information including road surface temperature, air temperature, and wind speed is measured and spatially located and time stamped, and reported back to a center. |
| MCV Infrastructure Monitoring | "MCV Infrastructure Monitoring" monitors the condition of pavement, bridges, tunnels, associated hardware, and other transportation-related infrastructure (e.g., culverts). It includes vehicle-based sensors that directly monitor the infrastructure, communications that allow roadway-based infrastructure monitoring sensors to be controlled and read, and data communications that allows collected infrastructure condition information to be reported back to a center. |
| MCV Roadway Maintenance and Construction | "MCV Roadway Maintenance and Construction" includes the on-board systems that support routine non-winter maintenance on a roadway system or right-of-way. Routine maintenance includes landscape maintenance, hazard removal (roadway debris, dead animals), routine maintenance activities (roadway cleaning, grass cutting), and repair and maintenance of both ITS and non-ITS equipment on the roadway (e.g., signs, traffic controllers, traffic detectors, dynamic message signs, traffic signals, etc.). |
| MCV Vehicle Safety Monitoring | "MCV Vehicle Safety Monitoring" detects vehicle intrusions in the vicinity of the vehicle and warns crew workers and drivers of imminent encroachment. Crew movements are also monitored so that the crew can be warned of movement beyond the designated safe zone. It can be used for stationary work zones or in mobile applications where a safe zone is maintained around the moving vehicle. |
| MCV Winter Maintenance | "MCV Winter Maintenance" supports snow plow operations and other roadway treatments (e.g., salt spraying and other material applications). It supports communications with the center to receive information and instructions that are provided to the vehicle operator and also supports remote control of on-board systems. It tracks operational status of snow and ice control operations and provides this information back to the center. |
| MCV Work Zone Support | "MCV Work Zone Support" provides communications and support for local management of a work zone. It supports communications between field personnel and the managing center to keep the center appraised of current work zone status. It controls vehicle-mounted driver information systems (e.g., dynamic message signs) and uses short range communications to monitor and control other fixed or portable driver information systems in the work zone. |
| Media | 'Media' represents the information systems that provide traffic reports, travel conditions, and other transportation-related news services to the traveling public through radio, TV, and other media. Traffic and travel advisory information that are collected by ITS are provided to this object. It is also a source for traffic flow information, incident and special event information, and other events that may have implications for the transportation system. |
| Mobile Component Development System | The system used in a backoffice environment to develop and test the mobile component of the application. |
| Mobile Component Installation System | The system that interacts with the Vehicle OBE other mobile device and installs the mobile component of the application. |
| Mobile Component Maintenance System | The system used to configure changes and updates to the mobile component of the application. This system is capable of acquiring and reporting diagnostic information about the application's configuration and performance. |
| Network Time Source | The 'Network Time Source' represents the external time source the Connected Vehicle Service Monitor System uses as the basis for time. This is likely implemented as a Stratum-2 Network Time Server that is 2 steps removed from a basic time source (e.g., atomic clock). |
| Object Registration and Discovery | 'Object Registration and Discovery' facilitates the registration of services by the respective service providers and the subsequent query-based discovery of these registered services. Many of the services offered by roadside or center-based service providers operating within the project geographic boundary will require an advertisement of their existence and cyber location to potential users; which consist primarily of PIDs and vehicles, but could include roadside or other center based services. |
| Object Registration and Discovery Service | The 'Object Registration and Discovery Service' represents one or more center-based applications that provide registration and lookup services necessary to allow objects to locate (for communications purposes) other objects operating within the Connected Vehicle Environment. These registration and discovery services are support services that enable other applications. |
| On-Board Mass Monitoring Equipment | 'On-Board Mass Monitoring Equipment' is an Australia-specific physical object that automatically collects static and dynamic data about the vehicle mass and configuration from sensors on each trailer. |
| ORDS Trust Management | 'ORDS Trust Management' manages the certificates and associated keys that are used to sign, encrypt, decrypt, and authenticate messages. It communicates with the Cooperative ITS Credentials Management System to maintain a current, valid set of security certificates and keys and identifies, logs and reports events that may indicate a threat to Connected Vehicle security. |
| Other Authorizing Centers | 'Other Authorizing Centers' provides a source and destination for information flows between multiple authorizing centers that manage permissions for the Connected Vehicle Environment. The interface represented by this object enables coordination of permissions between centers in different regions, jurisdictions, or application areas. |
| Other CCMS | Representing another Cooperative ITS Credentials Management System (CCMS), 'Other CCMS' is intended to provide a source and destination for information exchange between peer credentials management systems. It supports modeling of projects or regions that include multiple interconnected CCMS that manage credentials distribution and management in the connected vehicle environment. |
| Other CV Administration Centers | 'Other CV Administration Centers' is intended to provide a source and destination for information flows between peer (e.g. inter-regional) commercial vehicle administration centers. It enables commercial vehicle administration activities to be coordinated across different jurisdictional areas. It encompasses all functions associated with commercial vehicle safety, registration, and operating authority for non-U.S. based commercial motor vehicle carriers. The agencies represented herein may include Federal, state, provincial, and local regulatory entities outside the U.S. |
| Other CVOBE Service Provider | The 'Other CVOBE Service Provider' is an Australia-specific physical object that is used when the transport operator contracts more than one CVOBE-SP or when a driver works for two companies and the operator also needs the driver log from the drivers other work. |
| Other Data Distribution Systems | Representing another Data Distribution System, 'Other Data Distribution Systems' is intended to provide a source and destination for information exchange between peer (e.g. inter-regional) data distribution systems. It supports modeling of projects or regions that include multiple interconnected data distribution systems that together manage data distribution in the connected vehicle environment. |
| Other Emergency Management Centers | 'Other Emergency Management Centers' provides a source and destination for information flows between various communications centers operated by public safety agencies, emergency management agencies, other allied agencies, and private companies that participate in coordinated management of transportation-related incidents, including disasters. The interface represented by this object enables emergency management activities to be coordinated across jurisdictional boundaries and between functional areas, supporting requirements for general networks connecting many allied agencies. It also supports interface to other allied agencies like utility companies that also participate in the coordinated response to selected highway-related incidents. |
| Other Freight Distribution and Logistics Centers | Representing another Freight Distribution and Logistics Center, 'Other Freight Distribution and Logistics Center ' provides a source and destination for information exchange between peer centers. It enables sharing of intermodal logistics support information between centers. |
| Other ITS Roadway Equipment | Representing another set of ITS Roadway Equipment, 'Other ITS Roadway Equipment' supports 'field device' to 'field device' communication and coordination, and provides a source and destination for information that may be exchanged between ITS Roadway Equipment. The interface enables direct coordination between field equipment. Examples include the direct interface between sensors and other roadway devices (e.g., Dynamic Message Signs) and the direct interface between roadway devices (e.g., between a Signal System Master and Signal System Local equipment) or a connection between an arterial signal system master and a ramp meter controller. |
| Other Map Update Systems | Representing other distinct Map Update Systems, this object is intended to provide a source and destination for ITS information flows between peer map update providers. It enables cooperative information sharing between base map and specialized map providers and any other exchange of geographic information between map data providers. |
| Other Payment Administration | Representing another Payment Administration Center, 'Other Payment Administration' is intended to provide a source and destination for ITS information flows between payment administration functions. This interface allows reconciliation of toll charges and other payments across different agencies by allowing the exchange of information about clients who have incurred charges in jurisdictions other than their own (billing) customer service center. This interface enables apportioning charges and 'reciprocity' between participating customer service centers. |
| Other Traffic Management Centers | Representing another Traffic Management Center, 'Other Traffic Management Centers' is intended to provide a source and destination for information exchange between peer (e.g. inter-regional) traffic management functions. It enables traffic management activities to be coordinated across different jurisdictional areas. |
| Other Transit Management Centers | Representing another transit operations center, 'Other Transit Management Centers' is intended to provide a source and destination for information flows between peer transit management centers. It enables transit management activities to be coordinated across geographic boundaries or jurisdictions. |
| Other Transportation Information Centers | Representing another Transportation Information Center, this object is intended to provide a source and destination for ITS information flows between peer information and service provider functions. It enables cooperative information sharing between providers as conditions warrant. |
| PAC Payment Administration | "PAC Payment Administration" enables payment for road use based on VMT, vehicle type, vehicle emissions, or other parameters. It establishes a price schedule based on these parameters that may vary by time, location or zone, vehicle type, and/or vehicle behavior. Pricing strategies may also include incentives that allow reimbursement of fees previously paid for good behavior (e.g., VMT reductions, economical driving behavior, avoidance of peak periods or congested zones). It receives vehicle data (e.g., time stamped roadways used by the vehicle since the last transmission) and computes the total cost to the vehicle owner for payment. Based on owner preference, this cost is either billed to the owner or requested from an in-vehicle payment instrument. Payment for use of roadways not operated by the specific instance of the VMT Payment Administration that the vehicle is registered with, will be reconciled. Payment violations can be reported to Enforcement Agencies when appropriate. Finally, vehicle owners can interact with this object using personal devices or public terminals to setup and edit account preferences for owned vehicles, get account reports, and make payments. |
| Parking Electronic Payment | "Parking Electronic Payment" supports electronic payment of parking fees using in-vehicle equipment (e.g., tags) or contact or proximity cards. It includes the field elements that provide the interface to the in-vehicle or card payment device and the back-office functionality that performs the transaction. |
| Parking Management | "Parking Management" detects and classifies vehicles at parking facility entrances, exits, and other designated locations within the facility. Current parking availability is monitored and used to inform drivers through dynamic message signs/displays so that vehicles are efficiently routed to available spaces. Parking facility information, including current parking rates and directions to entrances and available exits, is also provided to drivers. Coordination with traffic management supports local traffic control coordination in and around the parking facility. |
| Parking Management System | The Parking Management System provides electronic monitoring and management of parking facilities. It supports an I2V link to the Vehicle that allows electronic collection of parking fees and monitors and controls parking meters that support conventional parking fee collection. It also includes the instrumentation, signs, and other infrastructure that monitors parking lot usage and provides local information about parking availability and other general parking information. This portion of the functionality must be located in the parking facility where it can monitor, classify, and share information with customers and their vehicles. It also interfaces with the financial infrastructure and broadly disseminates parking information to other operational centers in the region. Note that the latter functionality may be located in a back office, remote from the parking facility. |
| Payment Administration Center | The 'Payment Administration Center' provides general payment administration capabilities and supports the electronic transfer of funds from the customer to the transportation system operator or other service provider. Charges can be recorded for tolls, vehicle-mileage charging, congestion charging, or other goods and services. It supports traveler enrollment and collection of both pre-payment and post-payment transportation fees in coordination with the financial infrastructure supporting electronic payment transactions. The system may establish and administer escrow accounts depending on the clearinghouse scheme and the type of payments involved. It may post a transaction to the customer account, generate a bill (for post-payment accounts), debit an escrow account, or interface to a financial infrastructure to debit a customer designated account. It supports communications with the ITS Roadway Payment Equipment to support fee collection operations. As an alternative, a wide-area wireless interface can be used to communicate directly with vehicle equipment. It also sets and administers the pricing structures and may implement road pricing policies in coordination with the Traffic Management Center. |
| Payment Device | The 'Payment Device' enables the electronic transfer of funds from the user of a service (I.e. a traveler) to the provider of the service. Potential implementations include smart cards that support payment for products and services, including transportation services and general purpose devices like smart phones that support a broad array of services, including electronic payment. In addition to user account information, the payment device may also hold and update associated user information such as personal profiles, preferences, and trip histories. |
| Personal Communications Support | "Personal Communications Support" supports secure, reliable communications with other connected devices. It provides the communications functions that add a timestamp, the message origin, and a digital signature in outbound messages and processes, verifies, and authenticates the same fields in inbound messages. It also encrypts (outbound) and decrypts (inbound) sensitive data. |
| Personal Information Device | The 'Personal Information Device' provides the capability for travelers to receive formatted traveler information wherever they are. Capabilities include traveler information, trip planning, and route guidance. Frequently a smart phone, the Personal Information Device provides travelers with the capability to receive route planning and other personally focused transportation services from the infrastructure in the field, at home, at work, or while en-route. Personal Information Devices may operate independently or may be linked with connected vehicle on-board equipment. |
| Personal Interactive Traveler Information | "Personal Interactive Traveler Information" provides traffic information, road conditions, transit information, yellow pages (traveler services) information, special event information, and other traveler information that is specifically tailored based on the traveler's request and/or previously submitted traveler profile information. It also supports interactive services that support enrollment, account management, and payments for transportation services. The interactive traveler information capability is provided by personal devices including personal computers and personal portable devices such as smart phones. |
| Personal Location and Time Data Source | The 'Personal Location and Time Data Source' provides accurate position information for personal mobile devices. While a Global Positioning System (GPS) Receiver is the most common implementation, this physical object represents any technology that provides a position fix in three dimensions and time with sufficient accuracy. |
| Personal Map Management | "Personal Map Management" supports map updates and makes current map and geometry data available to other applications. It manages map data for the device and provides map data to end-user applications that provide location-based services. |
| Personal Pedestrian Safety | The "Personal Pedestrian Safety" application improves pedestrian safety by providing pedestrian location information to the infrastructure that can be used to avoid collisions involving pedestrians. The application may also alert the pedestrian of unsafe conditions, augmenting or extending information provided by signals and signs. The information provided and the user interface delivery mechanism (visual, audible, or haptic) can also be tailored to the needs of the user that is carrying or wearing the device that hosts the application. |
| Personal Support Services | 'Personal Support Services' provides foundational functions that supports data collection, management, and distribution. It coordinates with Object Registration and Discovery to maintain its registration with respect to location/geographic scope and credentialing information. It maintains the necessary security credentials, authorizations, and associated keys to support communications in the connected vehicle environment. |
| Personal Traveler Information Reception | "Personal Traveler Information Reception" receives formatted traffic advisories, road conditions, transit information, broadcast alerts, and other general traveler information broadcasts and presents the information to the traveler. The traveler information broadcasts are received by personal devices including personal computers and personal portable devices such as smart phones. |
| Personal Trip Planning and Route Guidance | "Personal Trip Planning and Route Guidance" provides a personalized trip plan to the traveler. The trip plan is calculated based on preferences and constraints supplied by the traveler and provided to the traveler for confirmation. Coordination may continue during the trip so that the route plan can be modified to account for new information. Many equipment configurations are possible including systems that provide a basic trip plan to the traveler as well as more sophisticated systems that can provide transition by transition guidance to the traveler along a multi-modal route with transfers. Devices represented by this application object include desktop computers at home, work, or at major trip generation sites, plus personal devices such as tablets and smart phones. |
| Personal Trust Management | "Personal Trust Management" manages the certificates and associated keys that are used to sign, encrypt, decrypt, and authenticate messages. It communicates with the Security and Credentials Management System to maintain a current, valid set of security certificates and identifies, logs, and reports events that may indicate a threat to the Connected Vehicle Environment security. |
| Personal Work Zone Safety | The "Personal Work Zone Safety" application improves maintenance and construction crew safety by providing crew location information to the infrastructure that can be used to avoid collisions involving the work crew. The application may also alert workers if they travel beyond the designated safe zone. The information provided and the user interface delivery mechanism (visual, audible, or haptic) can also be tailored to the needs of the user that is carrying or wearing the device that hosts the application. |
| PID Component Development System | The system used in a backoffice environment to develop and test the PID component of the application. |
| PID Component Installation System | The system used to install the PID component of a connected vehicle application. |
| PID Component Maintenance System | The system used to configure changes and updates to the PID component of the application. This system is capable of acquiring and reporting diagnostic information about the application's configuration and performance. |
| Population and Housing Data Sets | 'Population and Housing Data Sets' includes U.S. Census data and other local, county, and state population and housing surveys that can be used to support evacuation planning. |
| PPG Privacy Services | "PPG Privacy Services" operates as a proxy, replacing the mobile device's network address with the PPG's, and tagging the message so that it can return replies to the mobile device. |
| Privacy Protection Gateway | The 'Privacy Protection Gateway' is a support system that obscures the network identifiers of mobile devices. A device may communicate to any center using the PPG. |
| Public Health System | 'Public Health System' represents the systems operated by hospitals or regional public health departments that can respond to requests for specific information regarding emergencies involving biohazards - such as biological attacks, hazardous materials spills, or other threats to public health. It can provide recommended courses of action to emergency management to improve the response, quarantining, or evacuation based on the type of hazard involved. |
| Public Information Device | The Public Information Device provides access to traveler information at transit stations, transit stops, other fixed sites along travel routes (e.g., rest stops, merchant locations), and major trip generation locations such as special event centers, hotels, office complexes, amusement parks, and theaters. Traveler information access points include kiosks and informational displays supporting varied levels of interaction and information access. At transit stops this might be simple displays providing schedule information and imminent arrival signals. This may be extended to include multi-modal information including traffic conditions and transit schedules to support mode and route selection at major trip generation sites. Personalized route planning and route guidance information can also be provided based on criteria supplied by the traveler. It also supports service enrollment and electronic payment of transit fares. In addition to the traveler information provision, the Public Information Device also supports security and safety monitoring of public areas. This monitoring includes traveler activated silent alarms, as well as surveillance and sensor equipment. The surveillance equipment includes video (e.g. CCTV cameras) and/or audio systems. The sensor equipment includes threat sensors (e.g. chemical agent, toxic industrial chemical, biological, explosives, and radiological sensors) and object detection sensors (e.g. metal detectors). |
| Public Interactive Traveler Information | "Public Interactive Traveler Information" provides traffic information, road conditions, transit information, yellow pages (traveler services) information, special event information, and other traveler information that is specifically tailored based on the traveler's request and/or previously submitted traveler profile information. It also supports interactive services that support enrollment, account management, and payments for transportation services. The interactive traveler information capability is provided by a public traveler interface, such as a kiosk. |
| Rail Operations Center | 'Rail Operations Center' represents the (usually) centralized control point for a substantial segment of a freight railroad's operations and maintenance activities. It is roughly the railroad equivalent to a highway Traffic Management Center. It is the source and destination of information that can be used to coordinate rail and highway traffic management and maintenance operations. It is also the source and destination for incident, incident response, disaster, or evacuation information that is exchanged with an Emergency Management Center. The use of a single object for multiple sources and destination for information exchange with railroads implies the need for a single, consistent interface between a given railroad's operations and maintenance activities and ITS. |
| Remote EV | Another Emergency Vehicle, typically one equipped with an OBE, with which the Emergency Vehicle interacts. The term "Remote" is synonymous with the term "Other" in the CVRIA. Remote is used with regard to vehicles to be consistent with other information sources, particularly standards, that use this term. |
| Remote EV OBEs | This represents on-board equipment on remote emergency (e.g., law enforcement, fire, EMS, towing and recovery) vehicles. It provides a source and destination for ITS information transfers between emergency vehicles. These information transfers allow information to be shared between emergency vehicles arriving, or involved at, an incident. Vehicle to vehicle communications at incident locations facilitates incident coordination and personal safety. |
| Remote MCV OBEs | This represents on-board equipment on remote maintenance and construction vehicles. It provides a source and destination for ITS information transfers between maintenance and construction vehicles. These information transfers allow vehicle operational status, environmental information, and work zone intrusion warnings or alarms to be shared between vehicles. |
| Remote Vehicle OBEs | 'Remote Vehicle OBEs' represents other connected vehicles that are communicating with the host vehicle. This includes all connected motorized vehicles including passenger cars, trucks, and motorcycles and specialty vehicles (e.g., maintenance vehicles, transit vehicles) that also include the basic 'Vehicle OBE' functionality that supports V2V communications. In CVRIA, this object provides a source and destination for information transfers between connected vehicles. The host vehicle on-board equipment, represented by the Vehicle OBE physical object, sends information to, and receives information from the Remote Vehicle OBEs to model all connected vehicle V2V communications in CVRIA. |
| Roadside Equipment | 'Roadside Equipment' (RSE) represents the Connected Vehicle roadside devices that are used to send messages to, and receive messages from, nearby vehicles using Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) or other alternative wireless communications technologies. Communications with adjacent field equipment and back office centers that monitor and control the RSE are also supported. This device operates from a fixed position and may be permanently deployed or a portable device that is located temporarily in the vicinity of a traffic incident, road construction, or a special event. It includes a processor, data storage, and communications capabilities that support secure communications with passing vehicles, other field equipment, and centers. |
| Roadway Advanced Rail Crossing | "Roadway Advanced Rail Crossing" manages highway traffic at highway-rail intersections (HRIs) where operational requirements demand advanced features (e.g., where rail operational speeds are greater than 80 miles per hour). The active warning systems supported by this application include positive barrier systems which preclude entrance into the intersection when the barriers are activated. This application is activated on notification by wayside interface equipment which detects, or communicates with the approaching train. In this application, additional information about the arriving train is also provided by the wayside interface equipment so that the train's direction of travel, its estimated time of arrival, and the estimated duration of closure may be derived. This enhanced information may be conveyed to the driver prior to, or in context with, warning system activation. This application also includes detection capabilities which enable it to detect an entrapped or otherwise immobilized vehicle on the grade crossing and provide an immediate notification to the wayside interface equipment and traffic management. |
| Roadway Basic Surveillance | "Roadway Basic Surveillance" monitors traffic conditions using fixed equipment such as loop detectors and CCTV cameras. |
| Roadway Communications Support | "Roadway Communications Support" supports secure, reliable communications with other connected devices. It provides the communications functions that add a timestamp, the message origin, and a digital signature in outbound messages and processes, verifies, and authenticates the same fields in inbound messages. It also encrypts (outbound) and decrypts (inbound) sensitive data. |
| Roadway Dynamic Lane Management and Shoulder Use | "Roadway Dynamic Lane Management and Shoulder Use" includes the field equipment, physical overhead lane signs and associated control electronics that are used to manage and control specific lanes and/or the shoulders. This equipment can be centrally controlled by a traffic management center or it can be autonomous and monitor traffic conditions and demand along the roadway and determine how to change the lane controls to respond to current conditions. Lane controls can be used to change the lane configuration of the roadway, reconfigure intersections and/or interchanges, allow use of shoulders as temporary travel lanes, designate lanes for use by special vehicles only, such as buses, high occupancy vehicles (HOVs), vehicles attending a special event, etc. and/or prohibit or restrict types of vehicles from using particular lanes. Guidance and information for drivers can be posted on dynamic message signs. |
| Roadway Emissions Monitoring | "Roadway Emissions Monitoring" monitors emissions and general air quality and communicates the collected information back to the emissions management center where it can be monitored, analyzed, and used. This application object supports point monitoring of individual vehicle emissions as well as general monitoring of standard air quality measures. |
| Roadway Environmental Monitoring | "Roadway Environmental Monitoring" measures environmental conditions and communicates the collected information back to a center where it can be monitored and analyzed. A broad array of general weather and road surface information may be collected. Weather conditions that may be measured include temperature, wind, humidity, precipitation, and visibility. Surface and sub-surface sensors can measure road surface temperature, moisture, icing, salinity, and other measures. |
| Roadway Infrastructure Restriction Warning | "Roadway Infrastructure Restriction Warning" measures the size of passing vehicles and displays warnings to vehicles if the size exceeds the current infrastructure restrictions. The measured vehicle dimensions are also made available to other applications. |
| Roadway Lighting System Control | "Roadway Lighting System Control" includes field equipment that controls lighting systems for transportation facilities and infrastructure. It includes the sensors, lighting controllers, and supporting field equipment that monitors and controls lighting systems. The equipment supports control based on sensed local conditions, stored timing plans, and remote commands from a center. It monitors lighting system status and reports status to the controlling center. |
| Roadway Payment Support | "Roadway Payment Support" represents the equipment that works in conjunction with the RSE to detect vehicles and identify and process violators when the RSE is used to support electronic payment. Various fee structures and payment strategies are supported including strategies that support reimbursements or credits that incentivize desired driving behavior. |
| Roadway Pedestrian Crossing Safety | "Roadway Pedestrian Crossing Safety" is an advanced infrastructure application that detects pedestrians and provides active safety warnings to drivers when cross walks are occupied. |
| Roadway Signal Control | "Roadway Signal Control" includes the field elements that monitor and control signalized intersections. It includes the traffic signal controllers, detectors, conflict monitors, signal heads, and other ancillary equipment that supports traffic signal control. It also includes field masters, and equipment that supports communications with a central monitoring and/or control system, as applicable. The communications link supports upload and download of signal timings and other parameters and reporting of current intersection status. It represents the field equipment used in all levels of traffic signal control from basic actuated systems that operate on fixed timing plans through adaptive systems. It also supports all signalized intersection configurations, including those that accommodate pedestrians. In advanced, future implementations, environmental data may be monitored and used to support dilemma zone processing and other aspects of signal control that are sensitive to local environmental conditions. |
| Roadway Speed Monitoring and Warning | "Roadway Speed Monitoring and Warning" includes the field elements that monitor vehicle speeds. If the speed is determined to be excessive, an advisory or warning is displayed. The characteristics of individual vehicles may also be monitored and used to warn vehicles with specific limitations that reduce safe operating speeds, e.g., rollover risk for tall vehicles. The operational status (state of the device, configuration, and fault data) is provided to the center. This application can also provide an enforcement function, reporting speed violations to an enforcement agency. |
| Roadway Toll Collection Support | "Roadway Toll Collection Support" provides toll plazas the capability to identify properly equipped vehicles, collect electronic tolls, and provide a positive indication to the driver that a toll was collected. Violators are identified and images are collected. Toll transactions are stored and reported to the Payment Administration Center. For CVRIA, this object represents the equipment that supports electronic payment transactions that are actually performed by the RSE (see "RSE Toll Collection") using V2I communications. |
| Roadway Traffic Gap Assist | "Roadway Traffic Gap Assist" measures the headway to the next approaching vehicle. Based on programmed thresholds, unsafe gaps are identified and reported via roadside signs. Traffic gaps and associated advisories and warnings are also provided to the RSE for communication to connected vehicles. |
| Roadway Traffic Information Dissemination | "Roadway Traffic Information Dissemination" includes field elements that provide information to drivers, including dynamic message signs and highway advisory radios. |
| Roadway Traffic Metering | "Roadway Traffic Metering" includes the field equipment used to meter traffic on ramps, through interchanges, and on the mainline roadway. The equipment includes dynamic messages signs to provide guidance and information to drivers at and approaching a meter, including information for any special bypass lanes. |
| Roadway Variable Speed Limits | "Roadway Variable Speed Limits" includes the field equipment, physical overhead lane signs and associated control electronics that are used to manage and control variable speed limits systems. This equipment monitors traffic and environmental conditions along the roadway. The system can be centrally monitored and controlled by a traffic management center or it can be autonomous, calculating and setting suitable speed limits, usually by lane. This application displays the speed limits and additional information such as basic safety rules and current traffic information to drivers. |
| Roadway Warning | "Roadway Warning" includes the field equipment used to warn drivers approaching hazards on a roadway. Warnings may be generated in response to roadway weather conditions, road surface conditions, traffic conditions including queues, obstacles or animals in the roadway, and any other transient events that can be sensed. The equipment monitors traffic and roadway conditions and may send data to a traffic management center for processing or may process it to determine when a warning should be issued. When it is determined that a warning should be issued, the equipment is used to alert approaching drivers via dynamic warning signs, flashing lights, in-vehicle messages, etc. |
| Roadway Work Zone Safety | "Roadway Work Zone Safety" includes field elements that detect vehicle intrusions in work zones and warns crew workers and drivers of imminent encroachment. Crew movements are also monitored so that the crew can be warned of movement beyond the designated safe zone. |
| Roadway Work Zone Traffic Control | "Roadway Work Zone Traffic Control" controls traffic in areas of the roadway where maintenance and construction activities are underway, monitoring and controlling traffic using field equipment such as CCTV cameras, dynamic messages signs, and gates/barriers. Work zone speeds and delays are provided to the motorist prior to the work zones. |
| RSE Automated Vehicle Operations | "RSE Automated Vehicle Operations" includes the field elements that monitor and control access to and egress from automated lanes. It monitors and coordinates automated vehicle operations within the lanes. These lanes support vehicles operating in platoons with short headways. |
| RSE Border Management | "RSE Border Management" supports border operations, providing functions that measure border wait times and provide wait times and other traveler information to approaching vehicles. Short range communications with vehicles and associated equipment supports collection of traveler, vehicle, and cargo information and credentials. |
| RSE Communications Support | "RSE Communications Support" supports secure, reliable communications with other connected devices. It provides the communications functions that add a timestamp, the message origin, and a digital signature in outbound messages and processes, verifies, and authenticates the same fields in inbound messages. It also encrypts (outbound) and decrypts (inbound) sensitive data. |
| RSE Development System | The system used in a backoffice environment to develop and test the roadside equipment. |
| RSE Device Management | "RSE Device Management" provides executive control and monitoring of the RSE hardware and installed software applications. It monitors the operational status of the hardware and other attached field devices and detects and reports fault conditions. A back office interface supports application installation, upgrade, and configuration as well as remote control of the operating mode and hardware configuration settings and initiation of remote diagnostics. A local interface is provided to field personnel for local monitoring and diagnostics, supporting field maintenance, repair, and replacement. |
| RSE Electric Charging Support | "RSE Electric Charging Support" uses short range communications to coordinate with a vehicle that is being charged, receiving information about the operational state of the electrical system, the maximum charge rate, and the percentage-complete of the charge from the vehicle. |
| RSE Electronic Screening | "RSE Electronic Screening" provides two-way communication with approaching properly equipped commercial vehicles at mainline speeds for automated vehicle identification and credential checking. |
| RSE Emergency Notification Support | "RSE Emergency Notification Support" receives emergency notification messages, determines if the message has been previously received, and forwards unique messages to the back office center of the designated responding agency. |
| RSE Environmental Monitoring | "RSE Environmental Monitoring" collects environmental situation (probe) data from passing vehicles that are equipped with short range communications capability. The collected data includes current environmental conditions as measured by on-board sensors (e.g., ambient temperature and precipitation measures), current status of vehicle systems that can be used to infer environmental conditions (e.g., status of lights, wipers, ABS, and traction control systems), and emissions measures reported by the vehicle. The application object collects the provided data, aggregates and filters the data based on provided configuration parameters, and sends the collected information back to a center for processing and distribution. This application object may also process the collected data locally and issue short-term road weather advisories for the road segment using short range communications. |
| RSE Infrastructure Restriction Warning | "RSE Infrastructure Restriction Warning" uses short range communications to warn vehicles of infrastructure dimensional and weight restrictions. |
| RSE Installation System | The system used to install and configure the roadside equipment. |
| RSE Intermodal Terminal Management | "RSE Intermodal Terminal Management" manages communications with commercial vehicles on behalf of an Intermodal Terminal. This application object manages entry to and exit from the facility and supports identification of entering vehicles and associated freight equipment, including containers. It also supports identification and tracking of containers within the terminal and identifies container pickup and drop-off locations, including optional routing instructions within the terminal. |
| RSE Intersection Management | "RSE Intersection Management" uses short range communications to support connected vehicle applications that manage signalized intersections. It communicates with approaching vehicles and ITS infrastructure (e.g., the traffic signal controller) to enhance traffic signal operations. Coordination with the ITS infrastructure also supports conflict monitoring to ensure the RSE output and traffic signal control output are consistent and degrade in a fail safe manner. |
| RSE Intersection Safety | "RSE Intersection Safety" uses short range communications to support connected vehicle applications that improve intersection safety. It communicates with approaching vehicles and ITS infrastructure to alert and warn drivers of potential stop sign, red light, and pedestrian crossing conflicts or violations. |
| RSE Lighting System Support | "RSE Lighting System Support" uses V2I communications to monitor vehicle presence and collect environmental information from passing connected vehicles. The collected data is processed and filtered and provided as an input to support adjustment of roadside lighting systems. |
| RSE Low Emissions Zone Application | "RSE Low Emissions Zone Application" provides information to vehicles regarding low emissions zones and checks vehicle profiles on entry to a designated low emissions zone to verify they are in compliance with the parameters established for the zone. |
| RSE Maintenance System | The system used to configure changes and updates to the roadside equipment. This system is capable of acquiring and reporting diagnostic information about the RSE's configuration and performance. |
| RSE Map Management | "RSE Map Management" provides the map functionality necessary to support map data updates to passing vehicles. It collects current map and geometry data and provides current map and geometry data to connected vehicles. |
| RSE Parking Management | "RSE Parking Management" monitors the basic safety messages generated by connected vehicles to detect vehicles parking and maintain and report spaces that are occupied by connected vehicles. It also uses short range communications to provide parking information to vehicles. |
| RSE Payment Support | "RSE Payment Support" manages vehicle payments for road use based on fee structures and payment strategies based on vehicle-reported data including VMT, emissions, vehicle class or type. Fees may vary by time or location and may include incentives or credits to reward desirable driving behavior. To support payment, it receives vehicle data (e.g., time stamped roadways used by the vehicle since the last transmission) and forwards this to the Payment Administration Center. It also receives equipment status from the vehicle and vehicle characteristics sensed from the vehicle (number of axles, weight, vehicle tag image/ID). Faults are identified and forwarded to the Payment Administration Center. Finally, it requests, receives, processes, and reports vehicle payment information. |
| RSE Position Correction Support | "RSE Position Correction Support" broadcasts differential positioning data to enable precise locations to be determined by passing vehicles, supporting Connected Vehicle applications that require highly accurate positioning. The differential positioning data may be calculated directly by a precisely located RSE that is operating as a reference station or received from an external reference station and relayed to passing vehicles. |
| RSE Privacy Services | "RSE Privacy Services" operates as a proxy, replacing the mobile device's network address with the RSE's, and tagging the message so that it can return replies to the mobile device. |
| RSE Queue Warning | "RSE Queue Warning" provides V2I communications to support queue warning systems. It monitors connected vehicles to identify and monitor queues in real-time and provides information to vehicles about upcoming queues, including downstream queues that are reported by the Traffic Management Center. |
| RSE Rail Crossing Warning | "RSE Rail Crossing Warning" is a connected vehicle application that improves safety at rail crossings. It communicates with wayside equipment that detects or communicates with approaching trains. It provides rail crossing warnings and train arrival information to approaching vehicles and monitors connected vehicles that may intrude on the crossing. |
| RSE Restricted Lanes Application | The "RSE Restricted Lanes Application" uses short range communications to monitor and manage dynamic and static restricted lanes. It collects vehicle profile information from vehicles entering the lanes and monitors vehicles within the lanes, providing aggregate data to the back office center. It provides lane restriction information and signage data to the vehicles and optionally identifies vehicles that violate the current lane restrictions. These functions are performed based on operating parameters provided by the back office managing center(s). |
| RSE Situation Monitoring | "RSE Situation Monitoring" is a general application object that supports collection of traffic, environmental, and emissions data from passing vehicles. The data is collected, filtered, and forwarded based on parameters provided by the back office. Parameters are provided to passing vehicles that are equipped to collect and send situation data to the infrastructure in snapshots. In addition, this object collects current status information from local field devices including intersection status, sensor data, and signage data, providing complete, configurable monitoring of the situation for the local transportation system in the vicinity of the RSE. |
| RSE Speed Management | "RSE Speed Management" provides infrastructure information including road grade, roadway geometry, road weather information, and current speed limits to assist vehicles in maintaining safe speeds and headways. It also provides speed recommendations to vehicles based on current conditions and overall speed limits and strategies established by the back office. |
| RSE Speed Warning | "RSE Speed Warning" notifies connected vehicles that are approaching a reduced speed zone, providing: (1) the zone's current posted speed limit and (2) any roadway configuration changes associated with the reduced speed zone (e.g., lane closures, lane shifts) if applicable. Configuration parameters that define the applicable speed limit(s), geographic location and extent of the reduced speed zone, and roadway configuration information are received from a center or provided through a local interface. This application object works in conjunction with the 'Roadway Speed Monitoring and Warning' application object, which uses traditional ITS field equipment to warn non-equipped vehicles. |
| RSE Support Services | 'RSE Support Services' provides foundational functions that supports data collection, management, and distribution. It coordinates with Object Registration and Discovery to maintain its registration with respect to location/geographic scope and credentialing information. It maintains the necessary security credentials, authorizations, and associated keys to support communications in the connected vehicle environment. |
| RSE Toll Collection | "RSE Toll Collection" collects electronic tolls using V2I communications in toll plazas and other designated toll collection locations. The RSE is connected with other field equipment that detects vehicles, identifies violators, and provides other toll plaza functionality. |
| RSE Traffic Gap Assist | "RSE Traffic Gap Assist" provides advisory information to minor road drivers at a stop-sign controlled intersection to facilitate gap selection to proceed through the intersection. The application can be configured depending on the intersection geometry. It monitors Connected Vehicle traffic on the major road, augmenting infrastructure traffic detectors, to identify and measure traffic gaps. The intersection geometry, measured traffic gaps, and current gap assist sign displays are communicated to the connected vehicle that is navigating the intersection for use in driver advisories and warnings. The application may also collect vehicle size and performance profile from the connected vehicle to optimize the alerts and warnings to the capabilities of the vehicle and driver preferences. |
| RSE Traffic Metering | "RSE Traffic Metering" uses V2I communications to support ramp metering and other traffic metering applications. Data is collected from connected vehicles on both the mainline and approach to the traffic meters. The collected data is processed and filtered and provided to the metering controller. Status and current signal indications from the ramp meter are also collected and provided to approaching and queued connected vehicles. |
| RSE Traffic Monitoring | "RSE Traffic Monitoring" monitors the basic safety messages that are shared between connected vehicles and distills this data into traffic flow measures that can be used to manage the network in combination with or in lieu of traffic data collected by infrastructure-based sensors. As connected vehicle penetration rates increase, the measures provided by this application can expand beyond vehicle speeds that are directly reported by vehicles to include estimated volume, occupancy, and other measures. This object also supports incident detection by monitoring for changes in speed and vehicle control events that indicate a potential incident. |
| RSE Transit User Guidance | "RSE Transit User Guidance" uses short range communications to provide terminal or stop-specific guidance to transit user devices that assists users in finding the right stop and the right bus. Optionally, this object can collect the transit user location and planned itinerary so that tailored guidance can be provided. |
| RSE Traveler Information Communications | "RSE Traveler Information Communications" includes field elements that distribute information to vehicles for in-vehicle display. The information may be provided by a center (e.g., variable information on traffic and road conditions in the vicinity of the field equipment) or it may be determined and output locally (e.g., static sign information and signal phase and timing information). This includes the interface to the center or field equipment that controls the information distribution and the short range communications equipment that provides information to passing vehicles. |
| RSE Trust Management | "RSE Trust Management" manages the certificates and associated keys that are used to sign, encrypt, decrypt, and authenticate messages. It communicates with the Security and Credentials Management System to maintain a current, valid set of security certificates and keys and identifies, logs, and reports events that may indicate a threat to Connected Vehicle Environment security. |
| RSE Work Zone Safety | "RSE Work Zone Safety" communicates with Connected Vehicles and Personal Information Devices carried or worn by the work crew to detect vehicle intrusions in work zones and warn crew workers and drivers of imminent encroachment. Crew movements are also monitored so that the crew can be warned of movement beyond the designated safe zone. |
| Security Credentials Registry | The 'Security Credentials Registry' is an Australia-specific physical object that provides access information (e.g., the network address) of the commercial vehicle driver logs and security credentials that enable secure traceable access to driver logs. The SCR receives frequent updates of driver activity to determine the CVOBE-SP(s) that store the driver logs. In terms of US physical objects, the SCR is a Cooperative ITS Credentials Management System (CCMS) with included Object Registration and Discovery Service (ORDS) functionality and specific driver log monitoring extensions. |
| Service Monitor System | The 'Service Monitor System' represents one or more center-based systems that provide monitoring, management and control services necessary to other applications and/or devices operating within the Connected Vehicle Environment. These support services enable other applications to provide transportation services. |
| Shelter Provider Center | The 'Shelter Provider Center' provides information about the shelters that open with the threat of a disaster and are operated and maintained until the threat has passed. It may represent individual shelters if they have the capability to provide current information directly to ITS or it may represent a center operated by a managing organization such as the American Red Cross that operates the shelters and collects and provides aggregate shelter information for a region. |
| SM Device Management | 'SM Device Management' provides the functions necessary to manage devices, including network management, operational status monitoring, and application performance monitoring. |
| SM Trust Management | 'SM Trust Management' manages the certificates and associated keys that are used to sign, encrypt, decrypt, and authenticate messages. It communicates with the Cooperative ITS Credentials Management System to maintain a current, valid set of security certificates and keys and identifies, logs and reports events that may indicate a threat to Connected Vehicle security. |
| Social Media | 'Social Media' provides forums for social interaction and opportunities for gathering and distributing traveler information. These sites provide crowd sourced information and the opportunity to provide traveler information to specific communities of interest. Examples include Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn. Each social media platform offers its own tools and API that allow integration of web content into a shared social media experience. |
| Special Needs Registry | The 'Special Needs Registry' allows residents with medical needs and organizations assisting those with social needs to register special needs populations so that agencies can communicate emergency preparedness, response and recovery resources to vulnerable, at risk, and hard-to-reach residents. |
| Storage Facility Data Acquisition System | 'Storage Facility Data Acquisition System' represents systems that monitor and report the current status of facilities that provide storage and forward staging for equipment and materials used in maintenance and construction operations. It provides status information on the types and quantities of materials and equipment that are available at the facility. |
| Surface Transportation Weather Service | The 'Surface Transportation Weather Service' represents the providers of value-added sector-specific meteorological services. These providers utilize National Weather Service data and predictions (including the qualified environmental data from the Clarus system), road condition information and local environmental data provided by traffic management or maintenance organizations, and their own models to provide surface transportation related weather observations and forecasts including pavement temperature and conditions. |
| Terminal Fare Management | "Terminal Fare Management" provides the capability for the traveler to access and use a common fare medium for transit fares, tolls, and/or parking lot charges using a public kiosk. It accepts a service request and means of payment, verifies eligibility, calculates the amount due, collects payment, and identifies payment problems. It may be implemented using a traveler card reader in a kiosk that includes a communications interface to the financial infrastructure to support payment collection and reconciliation. |
| Terminal Management | "Terminal Management" supports the operation of the roadway aspects of an intermodal terminal. The key capabilities include the ability to identify and control vehicle traffic entering and departing the facility, guide vehicles to loading and unloading points, maintain site security and monitor container integrity, provide an interface to Customs as appropriate, and acknowledge container pickup and drop-off. Other capabilities include the ability to track container locations within the facility, manage any other required assets, like truck chassis, and provide reservation services to manage congestion at busy terminals. This application also provides information to support load matching services for drayage operators. |
| TIC Connected Vehicle Traveler Info Distribution | In support of connected vehicle applications, "TIC Connected Vehicle Traveler Info Distribution" disseminates traveler information including traffic and road conditions, incident information, maintenance and construction information, event information, transit information, parking information, and weather information. Location-specific or situation-relevant traveler information is sent to short range communications transceivers at the roadside. |
| TIC Corridor Decision Support System | The "TIC Corridor Decision Support System" is a data-fusion system that collects information from various multimodal systems. Data from these systems is then used to determine operational strategies for arterials, freeways, and transit that minimize the environmental impact of the corridor. It may recommend eco-signal timing plans, eco-ramp metering strategies, eco-speed limits, and recommendations for increased transit service. |
| TIC Data Collection | "TIC Data Collection" collects transportation-related data from other centers, performs data quality checks on the collected data and then consolidates, verifies, and refines the data and makes it available in a consistent format to applications that support operational data sharing between centers and deliver traveler information to end-users. A broad range of data is collected including traffic and road conditions, transit data, emergency information and advisories, weather data, special event information, traveler services, parking, multimodal data, and toll/pricing data. It also shares data with other transportation information centers. |
| TIC Dynamic Ridesharing | "TIC Dynamic Ridesharing" provides dynamic rideshare matches for eligible travelers, connecting riders and drivers for specific trips based on preferences. This ridesharing/ride matching capability also arranges connections to transit or other multimodal services for portions of a multi-segment trip that includes ridesharing. Reservations and advanced payment are also supported so that each segment of the trip may be confirmed. |
| TIC Emergency Traveler Information | "TIC Emergency Traveler Information" provides emergency information to the public, including wide-area alerts and evacuation information. It provides emergency alerts, information on evacuation zones and evacuation requirements, evacuation destinations and shelter information, available transportation modes, and traffic and road conditions at the origin, destination, and along the evacuation routes. In addition to general evacuation information, personalized information including tailored evacuation routes, service information, and estimated travel times is also provided based on traveler specified origin, destination, and route parameters. Updated information is provided throughout the evacuation and subsequent reentry as status changes and plans are adapted. |
| TIC Freight-Specific Travel Planning | "TIC Freight-Specific Travel Planning" provides traveler information and trip planning services for freight routes from source to destination, customized for freight users to indicate truck routes, truck stops, inspection stations, steep grades, etc. |
| TIC Interactive Traveler Information | "TIC Interactive Traveler Information" disseminates personalized traveler information including traffic and road conditions, transit information, maintenance and construction information, multimodal information, event information, and weather information. Tailored information is provided based on the traveler's request in this interactive service. |
| TIC Operational Data Repository | "TIC Operational Data Repository" processes, stores, and distributes real-time information on the state of the regional transportation system. It facilitates sharing of real-time transportation information among transportation system operators. It includes a central repository, data processing, and communication capabilities that provide real-time access to the collected information. Many different implementations are possible including: 1) a web application that provides a web-based interface to system operators, and 2) a networked enterprise database that provides a network interface to remote system applications. Although request and subscription flows are not explicitly included, interactive data services are supported. The data may be broadcast or customized based on the receiving center's specified requests or subscriptions. |
| TIC Road Weather Advisories and Warnings | "TIC Road Weather Advisories and Warnings" collects, aggregates, and processes environmental situation data (aka environmental probe data) from connected vehicles. Environmental situation data may be collected through direct wide area wireless communications with vehicles or through short range communications equipment at the roadside. Aggregated environmental conditions information are distributed to other centers that use the information to support transportation operations and traveler information services. |
| TIC Situation Data Management | "TIC Situation Data Management" manages connected vehicle situation data collection, quality controls, filtering, aggregation, and storage. Through this process, raw data reported by connected vehicles are transformed into information products that can be accessed and used to support transportation operations and traveler information. The distribution of the connected vehicle-derived information products is handled by other application objects. |
| TIC Travel Services Information | "TIC Travel Services Information" disseminates information about traveler services such as lodging, restaurants, and service stations. Tailored traveler service information is provided on request that meets the constraints and preferences specified by the traveler. This application also supports reservations and advanced payment for traveler services. |
| TIC Traveler Information Broadcast | "TIC Traveler Information Broadcast" disseminates traveler information including traffic and road conditions, incident information, maintenance and construction information, event information, transit information, parking information, and weather information. The same information is broadcast to all equipped traveler interface systems and vehicles. |
| TIC Trip Planning | "TIC Trip Planning" provides pre-trip and en-route trip planning services for travelers. It receives origin, destination, constraints, and preferences and returns trip plan(s) that meet the supplied criteria. Trip plans may be based on current traffic and road conditions, transit schedule information, and other real-time traveler information. Candidate trip plans are multimodal and may include vehicle, transit, and alternate mode segments (e.g., rail, ferry, bicycle routes, and walkways) based on traveler preferences. It also confirms the trip plan for the traveler and supports reservations and advanced payment for portions of the trip. The trip plan includes specific routing information and instructions for each segment of the trip and may also include information and reservations for additional services (e.g., parking) along the route. |
| TMC Automated Vehicle Operations | "TMC Automated Vehicle Operations" remotely monitors and controls automated lanes. It monitors system operation and provides parameters that control system operation including system parameters that govern vehicle platoon formation, speeds, and gaps or headways. |
| TMC Dynamic Lane Management and Shoulder Use | "TMC Dynamic Lane Management and Shoulder Use" remotely monitors and controls the system that is used to dynamically manage travel lanes, including temporary use of shoulders as travel lanes. It monitors traffic conditions and demand measured in the field and determines when the lane configuration of the roadway should be changed, when intersections and/or interchanges should be reconfigured, when the shoulders should be used for travel (as a lane), when lanes should be designated for use by special vehicles only, such as buses, high occupancy vehicles (HOVs), vehicles attending a special event, etc. and/or when types of vehicles should be prohibited or restricted from using particular lanes. It controls the field equipment used to manage and control specific lanes and the shoulders. It also can automatically notify the enforcement agency of lane control violations. |
| TMC Environmental Monitoring | "TMC Environmental Monitoring" assimilates current and forecast road conditions and surface weather information using a combination of weather service provider information, information collected by other centers such as the Maintenance and Construction Management Center, and data collected from environmental sensors deployed on and about the roadway. The collected environmental information is monitored and presented to the operator. This information can be used to issue general traveler advisories and support location specific warnings to drivers. |
| TMC Evacuation Support | "TMC Evacuation Support" supports development, coordination, and execution of special traffic management strategies during evacuation and subsequent reentry of a population in the vicinity of a disaster or major emergency. A traffic management strategy is developed based on anticipated demand, the capacity of the road network including access to and from the evacuation routes, and existing and forecast conditions. The strategy supports efficient evacuation and also protects and optimizes movement of response vehicles and other resources that are responding to the emergency. |
| TMC Incident Dispatch Coordination/Communication | "TMC Incident Dispatch Coordination/Communication" formulates and manages an incident response that takes into account the incident potential, incident impacts, and resources required for incident management. It supports dispatch of emergency response and service vehicles as well as coordination with other cooperating agencies. It provides access to traffic management resources that provide surveillance of the incident, traffic control in the surrounding area, and support for the incident response. It monitors the incident response and collects performance measures such as incident response and clearance times. |
| TMC Infrastructure Restriction Warning | "TMC Infrastructure Restriction Warning" controls and monitors RSEs that support Infrastructure Restriction Warnings. It configures the RSEs to define tunnel/bridge geometry and design and temporary size and weight restrictions. Information that is currently being communicated to passing vehicles and the operational status of the field equipment is monitored by this application. The operational status of the field equipment is reported to operations personnel. |
| TMC Intersection Safety | "TMC Intersection Safety" controls and monitors RSEs that support stop sign, red light, and pedestrian crossing violations. It configures the RSEs for the current intersection geometry and traffic signal control equipment at the intersection. Information that is currently being communicated to passing vehicles and the operational status of the field equipment is monitored by this application. The operational status of the field equipment is reported to operations personnel. |
| TMC In-Vehicle Signing Management | "TMC In-Vehicle Signing Management" controls and monitors RSEs that support in-vehicle signing. Sign information that may include static regulatory, service, and directional sign information as well as variable information such as traffic and road conditions can be provided to the RSE, which uses short range communications to send the information to in-vehicle equipment. Information that is currently being communicated to passing vehicles and the operational status of the field equipment is monitored by this application. The operational status of the field equipment is reported to operations personnel. |
| TMC Lighting System Control | "TMC Lighting System Control" provides the capability for traffic managers to monitor and manage the electrical lighting systems along the roadside. This capability includes implementing control plans for lighting systems that may be activated by time-of-day plans or by activating changes to the lighting based on traffic or incidents. |
| TMC Multi-Modal Coordination | "TMC Multi-Modal Coordination" supports center-to-center coordination between the Traffic Management and Transit Management Centers. It monitors transit operations and provides traffic signal priority for transit vehicles on request from the Transit Management Center. |
| TMC Rail Crossing Management | "TMC Rail Crossing Management" monitors and controls rail crossing traffic control equipment. Various levels of roadside equipment may be interfaced including standard active warning systems and high speed systems that provide additional information on approaching trains and detect and report obstructions on the grade crossing. This application remotely monitors and reports the status of the rail crossing equipment and sends control plan updates to the equipment. |
| TMC Regional Traffic Management | "TMC Regional Traffic Management" supports coordination between traffic management centers in order to share traffic information between centers as well as control of traffic management field equipment. This coordination supports wide area optimization and regional coordination that spans jurisdictional boundaries; for example, coordinated signal control in a metropolitan area or coordination between freeway operations and arterial signal control within a corridor. |
| TMC Restricted Lanes CV Application | "TMC Restricted Lanes CV Application" manages dynamic lanes for connected vehicles. The application provides the back office functions and supports the TMC operator in establishing and managing dynamic lanes using communications to manage lane use for connected vehicles. |
| TMC Roadway Warning | "TMC Roadway Warning" remotely monitors and controls the systems used to warn drivers approaching hazards on a roadway. It monitors data on roadway conditions from sensors in the field and generates warnings in response to roadway weather conditions, road surface conditions, traffic conditions including queues, obstacles or animals in the roadway, and any other transient events that can be sensed. |
| TMC Signal Control | "TMC Signal Control" provides the capability for traffic managers to monitor and manage the traffic flow at signalized intersections. This capability includes analyzing and reducing the collected data from traffic surveillance equipment and developing and implementing control plans for signalized intersections. Control plans may be developed and implemented that coordinate signals at many intersections under the domain of a single traffic management center and are responsive to traffic conditions and adapt to support incidents, preemption and priority requests, pedestrian crossing calls, etc. |
| TMC Speed Warning | "TMC Speed Warning" supports remote control and monitoring of reduced speed zone warning roadside equipment. It provides the location and extent of the reduced speed zone, the posted speed limit(s) with information about the applicability of the speed limit(s) (e.g., time of day, day of week, seasonality, relevant vehicle types) and information about associated road configuration changes including lane merges and shifts. It monitors field equipment operation and reports current status to the operator. |
| TMC Traffic Gap Assist | "TMC Traffic Gap Assist" supports remote control and monitoring of traffic gap assist infrastructure equipment. It provides configuration information for the equipped intersection and the operating parameters for the traffic detection system that measures traffic gaps on the major road and the signs and Connected Vehicle communications that provide advisories and warnings to vehicles on the minor road attempting to navigate the intersection. It monitors field equipment operation and reports current status to the operator. |
| TMC Traffic Information Dissemination | "TMC Traffic Information Dissemination" disseminates traffic and road conditions, closure and detour information, incident information, driver advisories, and other traffic-related data to other centers, the media, and driver information systems. It monitors and controls driver information system field equipment including dynamic message signs and highway advisory radio, managing dissemination of driver information through these systems. |
| TMC Traffic Metering | "TMC Traffic Metering" provides center monitoring and control of traffic metering systems including on ramps, through interchanges, and on the mainline roadway. All types of metering are covered including pre-timed/fixed time, time-based, dynamic and adaptive metering strategies and special bypasses. Metering rates can be calculated based upon historical data or current conditions including traffic, air quality, etc. |
| TMC Traffic Surveillance | "TMC Traffic Surveillance" remotely monitors and controls traffic sensors and surveillance (e.g., CCTV) equipment, and collects, processes and stores the collected traffic data. Current traffic information and other real-time transportation information is also collected from other centers. The collected information is provided to traffic operations personnel and made available to other centers. |
| TMC Variable Speed Limits | "TMC Variable Speed Limits" provides center monitoring and control of variable speed limits systems. It monitors data on traffic and environmental conditions collected from sensors along the roadway. Based on the measured data, it calculates and sets suitable speed limits usually by lane. It controls equipment that posts the current speed limits and displays additional information such as basic safety rules and current traffic information to drivers. |
| TMC Work Zone Traffic Management | "TMC Work Zone Traffic Management" coordinates work plans with maintenance systems so that work zones are established that have minimum traffic impact. Traffic control strategies are implemented to further mitigate traffic impacts associated with work zones that are established, providing work zone information to driver information systems such as dynamic message signs. |
| Traffic Management Center | The 'Traffic Management Center' monitors and controls traffic and the road network. It represents centers that manage a broad range of transportation facilities including freeway systems, rural and suburban highway systems, and urban and suburban traffic control systems. It communicates with ITS Roadway Equipment and Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment (RSE) to monitor and manage traffic flow and monitor the condition of the roadway, surrounding environmental conditions, and field equipment status. It manages traffic and transportation resources to support allied agencies in responding to, and recovering from, incidents ranging from minor traffic incidents through major disasters. |
| Transit Center Connection Protection | "Transit Center Connection Protection" manages the coordination of transit transfers between routes within a single transit agency, between routes of different transit agencies, or between different modes (e.g. a bus transit route and a ferry route). This application object also supports the capability for an individual traveler to obtain connection protection throughout a specific transit trip. This application may be implemented through peer-to-peer sharing between agencies control systems or as a central transit transfer request brokerage that facilitates the management and coordination of transfers across multiple agencies and control systems. |
| Transit Center Emissions Monitoring | "Transit Center Emissions Monitoring" collects and/or estimates current transit fleet emissions and forecasts future fleet emissions. The collected, estimated, and forecast emissions is monitored and forwarded to other agencies to more effectively manage transit operations to reduce emissions. |
| Transit Center Fare Management | "Transit Center Fare Management" manages fare collection and passenger load management at the transit center. It provides the back office functions that support transit fare collection, supporting payment reconciliation with links to financial institutions and enforcement agencies for fare violations. It collects data required to determine accurate ridership levels, establish fares, and distribute fare information. It loads fare data into the vehicle prior to the beginning of normal operations and unloads fare collection data from the vehicle at the close out of normal operations. |
| Transit Center Information Services | "Transit Center Information Services" collects the latest available information for a transit service and makes it available to transit customers and to Transportation Information Centers for further distribution. Customers are provided information at transit stops and other public transportation areas before they embark and on-board the transit vehicle once they are enroute. Information provided can include the latest available information on transit routes, schedules, transfer options, fares, real-time schedule adherence, current incidents, weather conditions, yellow pages, and special events. In addition to general service information, tailored information (e.g., itineraries) are provided to individual transit users. |
| Transit Center Multi-Modal Coordination | "Transit Center Multi-Modal Coordination" supports transit service coordination between transit properties and coordinates with other surface and air transportation modes. As part of service coordination, it shares schedule and trip information, as well as transit transfer cluster (a collection of stop points, stations, or terminals where transfers can be made conveniently) and transfer point information between Multimodal Transportation Service Providers, Transit Agencies, and ISPs. An interface to Traffic Management also supports demand management strategies. |
| Transit Center Paratransit Operations | "Transit Center Paratransit Operations" manages demand responsive transit services, including paratransit services. It supports planning and scheduling of these services, allowing paratransit and other demand response transit services to plan efficient routes and better estimate arrival times. It also supports automated dispatch of paratransit vehicles and tracks passenger pick-ups and drop-offs. Customer service operator systems are updated with the most current schedule information. |
| Transit Center Passenger Counting | "Transit Center Passenger Counting" receives and processes transit vehicle loading data using two-way communications from equipped transit vehicles. |
| Transit Center Priority Management | "Transit Center Priority Management" monitors transit schedule performance and generates requests for transit priority on routes and at certain intersections. It may coordinate with the Traffic Management Center to provide transit priority along the selected route, including allocation of dynamic lanes and granting signal priority. It also coordinates with the Transit Vehicle OBE to monitor and manage local transit signal priority requests at individual intersections. |
| Transit Evacuation Support | "Transit Evacuation Support" manages transit resources to support evacuation and subsequent reentry of a population in the vicinity of a disaster or other emergency. It supports coordination of regional evacuation plans, identifying the transit role in a regional evacuation and identifying transit resources that would be used. During an evacuation, it coordinates the use of transit and school bus fleets, supporting evacuation of those with special needs and the general population. Transit service and fare schedules are adjusted and updated service and fare information is made available through traveler information systems. |
| Transit Management Center | The 'Transit Management Center' manages transit vehicle fleets and coordinates with other modes and transportation services. It provides operations, maintenance, customer information, planning and management functions for the transit property. It spans distinct central dispatch and garage management systems and supports the spectrum of fixed route, flexible route, paratransit services, transit rail, and bus rapid transit (BRT) service. The physical object's interfaces allow for communication between transit departments and with other operating entities such as emergency response services and traffic management systems. |
| Transit Stop Information Services | "Transit Stop Information Services" furnishes transit users with real-time travel-related information at transit stops, multi-modal transfer points, and other public transportation areas. It provides transit users with information on transit routes, schedules, transfer options, available services, fares, and real-time schedule adherence. In addition to tailored information for individual transit users, it supports general annunciation and/or display of imminent arrival information and other information of general interest to transit users. |
| Transit Vehicle | The vehicle that provides the sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions necessary to support safe and efficient movement of passengers. This includes buses, paratransit vehicles, light rail vehicles, other vehicles designed to carry passengers, and supervisory vehicles. |
| Transit Vehicle Databus | The 'Transit Vehicle Databus' represents the vehicle databus that interfaces with on-board equipment on a transit vehicle. It is a specialized and extended form of the Vehicle Databus that is subject to different vehicle databus standards and hosts a broad range of components that are unique to a transit vehicle including the farebox and associated electronics, passenger counters, and transit security systems. As a specialized form of the Vehicle Databus, it also provides access to the general-purpose sensors (e.g., radars, cameras), GPS, drive train monitoring and control systems, and vehicle safety features that support connected vehicle applications. The Transit Vehicle may represent a bus, paratransit vehicle, light rail vehicle, or other vehicle designed to carry passengers. In CVRIA, the 'Transit Vehicle Databus' is used to represent the onboard interactions between the Transit Vehicle OBE and the other systems included in a host transit vehicle. |
| Transit Vehicle Emissions Monitoring | "Transit Vehicle Emissions Monitoring" directly measures or estimates vehicle emissions and provides current and average emissions measures to the Transit Management Center. |
| Transit Vehicle OBE | The Transit Vehicle On-Board equipment (OBE) resides in a transit vehicle and provides the sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions necessary to support safe and efficient movement of passengers. The types of transit vehicles containing this physical object include buses, paratransit vehicles, light rail vehicles, other vehicles designed to carry passengers, and supervisory vehicles. It collects ridership levels and supports electronic fare collection. It supports a traffic signal prioritization function that communicates with the roadside physical object to improve on-schedule performance. Automated vehicle location enhances the information available to the transit operator enabling more efficient operations. On-board sensors support transit vehicle maintenance. The physical object supports on-board security and safety monitoring. This monitoring includes transit user or vehicle operator activated alarms (silent or audible), as well as surveillance and sensor equipment. The surveillance equipment includes video (e.g. CCTV cameras), audio systems and/or event recorder systems. It also furnishes travelers with real-time travel information, continuously updated schedules, transfer options, routes, and fares. In CVRIA, a separate 'Vehicle OBE' physical object supports the general V2V and V2I safety applications and other applications that apply to all vehicles, including transit vehicles. The Transit Vehicle OBE supplements these general capabilities with capabilities that are specific to transit vehicles. |
| Transit Vehicle On-Board Connection Protection | "Transit Vehicle On-Board Connection Protection" monitors vehicle schedule performance and provides it to the transit center for connection protection processing. It receives operator instructions relating to managing connection protection and recognizes individual travelers who have arranged for connection protection and provides connection protection information to the transit center. |
| Transit Vehicle On-Board Fare Management | "Transit Vehicle On-board Fare Management" supports fare collection using a standard fare card or other non-monetary fare medium and detects payment violations. Collected fare data are made available to the center. |
| Transit Vehicle On-Board Information Services | "Transit Vehicle On-board Information Services" furnishes en-route transit users with real-time travel-related information on-board a transit vehicle. Current information that can be provided to transit users includes transit routes, schedules, transfer options, fares, real-time schedule adherence, current incidents, weather conditions, non-motorized transportation services, and special events are provided. In addition to tailored information for individual transit users, it also supports general annunciation and/or display of general schedule information, imminent arrival information, and other information of general interest to transit users. |
| Transit Vehicle On-Board Paratransit Operations | "Transit Vehicle On-board Paratransit Operations" forwards paratransit and flexible-route dispatch requests to the operator and forwards acknowledgements to the center. It coordinates with, and assists the operator in managing multi-stop runs associated with demand responsive transit services including paratransit. It collects transit vehicle passenger data and makes it available to the center. |
| Transit Vehicle On-Board Trip Monitoring | "Transit Vehicle On-Board Trip Monitoring" tracks vehicle location, monitors fuel usage, collects operational status (doors opened/closed, running times, etc.) and sends the collected, time stamped data to the Transit Management Center. |
| Transit Vehicle Passenger Counting | "Transit Vehicle Passenger Counting" collects transit vehicle loading data and makes it available to the center. |
| Transit Vehicle Schedule Management | "Transit Vehicle Schedule Management" monitors schedule performance and identifies corrective actions when a deviation is detected. It provides two-way communication between the transit vehicle and center, enabling the center to communicate with the vehicle operator and monitor on-board systems. |
| Transit Vehicle Signal Priority | "Transit Vehicle Signal Priority" provides the capability for transit vehicles to determine eligibility for priority and request signal priority at signalized intersections, ramps, and interchanges through short range communication with traffic control equipment at the roadside. |
| Transit Vehicle V2V Safety | "Transit Vehicle V2V Safety" exchanges current vehicle location and motion information with other vehicles in the vicinity, uses that information to predict vehicle paths, and notifies the driver when the potential for an impending collision is detected. Information from on-board sensors (e.g., radars and image processing) are used to augment the V2V communications, if available. In addition to notifying the driver, control information can also be provided to support automated control functions that can avoid the collision. This object is similar to the "Vehicle Basic V2V Safety", but it accounts for crash scenarios that are unique to transit vehicles (e.g., Vehicle Turning Right in Front of Bus). It is also stop-aware since stop locations pose specific crash threats for transit vehicles. Finally, the detection and control algorithms, filters, and timing account for bus performance and risk profiles associated with remote vehicles that are unique to transit. |
| Transportation Information Center | The 'Transportation Information Center' collects, processes, stores, and disseminates transportation information to system operators and the traveling public. The physical object can play several different roles in an integrated ITS. In one role, the TIC provides a data collection, fusing, and repackaging function, collecting information from transportation system operators and redistributing this information to other system operators in the region and other TICs. In this information redistribution role, the TIC provides a bridge between the various transportation systems that produce the information and the other TICs and their subscribers that use the information. The second role of a TIC is focused on delivery of traveler information to subscribers and the public at large. Information provided includes basic advisories, traffic and road conditions, transit schedule information, yellow pages information, ride matching information, and parking information. The TIC is commonly implemented as a website or a web-based application service, but it represents any traveler information distribution service. |
| Travel Services Provider System | The 'Travel Services Provider System' represents the individual information systems operated by providers of traveler-oriented services. Example services that could be included are gas, food, lodging, vehicle repair, points of interest, and recreation areas. Also included are services specifically directed toward bicyclists and pedestrians such as bicycle shops and parking locations and bicycle and pedestrian rest areas. The interface with the Service Provider is necessary so that accurate, up-to-date service information can be provided to the traveler and to support electronic reservation capabilities. |
| Traveler Card | The 'Traveler Card' stores traveler identification information, including biometric information, that can be used in trusted traveler programs to expedite clearance through security checkpoints at borders or security-critical areas. |
| Vehicle | The conveyance that provides the sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions necessary to support efficient, safe, and convenient travel. These functions reside in general vehicles including personal automobiles, commercial vehicles, emergency vehicles, transit vehicles, or other vehicle types. |
| Vehicle Basic Safety | "Vehicle Basic Safety" exchanges current vehicle location and motion information with other vehicles in the vicinity, uses that information to calculate vehicle paths, and warns the driver when the potential for an impending collision is detected. If available, map data is used to filter and interpret the relative location and motion of vehicles in the vicinity. Information from on-board sensors (e.g., radars and image processing) are also used, if available, in combination with the V2V communications to detect non-equipped vehicles and corroborate connected vehicle data. Vehicle location and motion broadcasts are also received by the infrastructure and used by the infrastructure to support a wide range of roadside safety and mobility applications. This object represents a broad range of implementations ranging from basic Vehicle Awareness Devices that only broadcast vehicle location and motion and provide no driver warnings to advanced integrated safety systems that may, in addition to warning the driver, provide collision warning information to support automated control functions that can support control intervention. |
| Vehicle Border Crossing Support | "Vehicle Border Crossing Support" uses connected vehicle technology to exchange traveler credentials with border systems to support expedited clearance through international borders. |
| Vehicle Communications Support | "Vehicle Communications Support" supports secure, reliable communications with other connected devices. It provides the communications functions that add a timestamp, the message origin, and a digital signature in outbound messages and processes, verifies, and authenticates the same fields in inbound messages. It also encrypts (outbound) and decrypts (inbound) sensitive data. |
| Vehicle Cooperative Cruise Control | "Vehicle Cooperative Cruise Control" regulates vehicle speed using V2V communications to share speeds and coordinate maneuvers with other vehicles, maintaining vehicle speed and a safe headway. It also provides the capability for vehicles to operate in cooperative platoons with reduced headways in designated lanes. These capabilities are provided by systems on board the vehicle that coordinate with other vehicles and regulate acceleration and braking. |
| Vehicle Databus | The 'Vehicle Databus' represents the interface to the vehicle databus (e.g., CAN, LIN, Ethernet/IP, FlexRay, and MOST) that may enable communication between the Vehicle OBE and other vehicle systems to support connected vehicle applications. The vehicle system statuses and/or sensor outputs available on the databus will vary based on the equipment installed on the vehicle and availability on databus. System statuses and sensor outputs may include select vehicle systems and sensors such as accelerometers, yaw rate sensors, and GPS derived location and timing information. In CVRIA, this physical object is used to represent the onboard interactions between the Vehicle OBE and the other systems included in a host vehicle. Note that the vehicle databus interface is not standardized across all vehicle classes. Also, some Vehicle OBE implementations will not have access to the vehicle databus. See 'Vehicle OBE' for more information. |
| Vehicle Eco-Driving Assist | "Vehicle Eco-Driving Assist" provides customized real-time driving advice to drivers, allowing them to adjust behaviors to save fuel and reduce emissions. This advice includes recommended driving speeds, optimal acceleration and deceleration profiles based on prevailing traffic conditions, and local interactions with nearby vehicles, i.e., processing Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) to determine position and speed of vehicles that are between the host vehicle and the intersection. When approaching and departing signalized intersections, it uses intersection geometry information, the relative position and speed of vehicles ahead of it, and signal phase movement information to provide speed advice to the driver so that the driver can adapt the vehicle's speed to pass the next traffic signal on green, decelerate to a stop in the most eco-friendly manner, or manage acceleration as the vehicle departs from a signalized intersection. It also provides feedback to drivers on their driving behavior to encourage them to drive in a more environmentally efficient manner. It may also support vehicle-assisted strategies, where the vehicle automatically implements the eco-driving strategy (e.g., changes gears, switches power sources, or reduces its speed in an eco-friendly manner as the vehicle approaches a traffic signal or queue). |
| Vehicle Electric Charging Assist | "Vehicle Electric Charging Assist" uses short range communications to coordinate with electric charging stations, providing information about the operational state of the electrical system, the maximum charge rate, and the percentage-complete of the charge. This application also receives current information about electric charging systems in the region and makes this information available to the driver on request. |
| Vehicle Emergency Notification I/F | "Vehicle Emergency Notification I/F" provides the capability for drivers or collision detection sensors to report an emergency and summon assistance. It includes the on-board collision detection sensors, a mechanism for the driver to summon assistance, and two-way communications. |
| Vehicle Emissions Monitoring | "Vehicle Emissions Monitoring" directly measures or estimates current and average vehicle emissions and makes this data available to the driver and connected vehicle infrastructure systems. |
| Vehicle Environmental Monitoring | "Vehicle Environmental Monitoring" collects data from on-board sensors and systems related to environmental conditions and sends the collected data to the infrastructure as the vehicle travels. The collected data is a byproduct of vehicle safety and convenience systems and includes ambient air temperature and precipitation measures and status of the wipers, lights, ABS, and traction control systems. |
| Vehicle Gap Assist | "Vehicle Gap Assist" uses V2I communications to collect traffic gap information and associated alerts and warnings that are displayed to the driver who is navigating a stop-sign controlled intersection with a major road. |
| Vehicle Interactive Traveler Information | "Vehicle Interactive Traveler Information" provides drivers with personalized traveler information including traffic and road conditions, transit information, maintenance and construction information, multimodal information, event information, and weather information. The provided information is tailored based on driver requests. Both one-time requests for information and on-going information streams based on a submitted traveler profile and preferences are supported. |
| Vehicle Intersection Warning | "Vehicle Intersection Warning" uses V2V and V2I communications to monitor other connected vehicles at intersections and support the safe movement of the vehicle through the intersection. Driver warnings are provided and the application may also optionally take control of the vehicle to avoid collisions. The application will also notify the infrastructure and other vehicles if it detects an unsafe infringement on the intersection. |
| Vehicle Location and Time Data Source | The 'Vehicle Location and Time Data Source' provides accurate position information for vehicle-based mobile devices. While a Global Positioning System (GPS) Receiver is the most common implementation, this physical object represents any technology that provides a position fix in three dimensions and time with sufficient accuracy. |
| Vehicle Map Management | "Vehicle Map Management" supports map updates and makes current map and geometry data available to other applications. It manages map data on-board and provides map data to end-user applications that provide location-based services. |
| Vehicle Mayday Notification | "Vehicle Mayday Notification" provides the capability for drivers or collision detection sensors to report an emergency and summon assistance. It gathers data from on-board collision detection sensors, provides a mechanism for the driver to summon assistance, and includes a communications capability to report the collision including indicators of collision severity, the number of passengers involved, and information about the vehicle that may affect the response. |
| Vehicle OBE | The Vehicle On-Board Equipment (OBE) provides the vehicle-based processing, storage, and communications functions necessary to support connected vehicle operations. The radio(s) supporting V2V and V2I communications are a key component of the Vehicle OBE. This communication platform is augmented with processing and data storage capability that supports the connected vehicle applications. In CVRIA, the Vehicle OBE includes the functions and interfaces that support connected vehicle applications for passenger cars, trucks, and motorcycles. Many of these applications (e.g., V2V Safety applications) apply to all vehicle types including personal vehicles, commercial vehicles, emergency vehicles, transit vehicles, and maintenance vehicles. From this perspective, the Vehicle OBE includes the common interfaces and functions that apply to all motorized vehicles. |
| Vehicle Payment Service | "Vehicle Payment Service" supports vehicle payments including VMT- and zone-based payments and payments for other services including fuel/charging services. To support VMT-based payment, this application tracks the location of the vehicle at specific times and reports this VMT data along with vehicle identification. A variety of pricing strategies are supported, including strategies that include credits or incentives that reward desired driving patterns and behavior. |
| Vehicle Queue Warning | "Vehicle Queue Warning" detects vehicle queues and reports queues to other vehicles using V2V communications and to the infrastructure using V2I communications. Vehicle-based queue warning builds on the exchange of vehicle location and motion and maneuvers that supports connected vehicle safety applications. This application also receives information about downstream queues using I2V communications. Individualized queue warnings and queue characteristics relevant to the vehicle are provided to the driver. |
| Vehicle Rail Crossing Warning | "Vehicle Rail Crossing Warning " uses I2V communications to receive alerts of trains entering HRIs and to provide warnings to drivers regarding the trains. The warning can include second train warning (meaning the HRI gates are about to lower, or remain lowered due to the arrival of a second train). The application can also provide vehicle infringement warnings by using the alert information along with vehicle trajectory information to determine that the vehicle will infringe upon a crossing that is (or will be) occupied by a train. |
| Vehicle Restricted Lanes Application | The "Vehicle Restricted Lanes Application" monitors and reports its own operating parameters and communicates with roadside equipment to safely enter, operate within, and exit eco-lanes and other controlled-access lanes. |
| Vehicle Roadside Information Reception | "Vehicle Roadside Information Reception" receives advisories, vehicle signage data, and other driver information and presents this information to the driver using in-vehicle equipment. Information presented may include fixed sign information, traffic control device status (e.g., signal phase and timing data), advisory and detour information, warnings of adverse road and weather conditions, travel times, and other driver information. |
| Vehicle Situation Data Monitoring | "Vehicle Situation Data Monitoring" is the highest-level representation of the functionality required to collect traffic and environmental situation data by monitoring and storing the experience of the vehicle as it travels through the road network. Collected data is aggregated into snapshots that are reported when communications is available and with flow control based on parameters provided by the infrastructure. Note that this application object supports collection of data for areas remote from RSEs or other communications infrastructure. |
| Vehicle Speed Management Assist | "Vehicle Speed Management Assist" assists the driver in operating the vehicle within the current speed limit. It monitors current vehicle speed and communicates with the infrastructure to receive current speed limits and associated road configuration change notifications. Driver warnings are issued when unsafe or excessive speeds are detected based on the provided speed limits and current conditions. |
| Vehicle Support Services | 'Vehicle Support Services' provides foundational functions that supports data collection, management, and distribution. It coordinates with Object Registration and Discovery to acquire necessary communications information. It maintains the necessary security credentials, authorizations, and associated keys to support communications in the connected vehicle environment. |
| Vehicle Toll/Parking Payment | "Vehicle Toll/Parking Payment" includes the on-board systems that pay for tolls and parking electronically. It includes in-vehicle equipment that communicates with the toll/parking plaza and an optional interface to a carry-in payment device. See also "Vehicle Payment Services", which provides a broader range of payment services. |
| Vehicle Traveler Information Reception | "Vehicle Traveler Information Reception" provides the capability for drivers to receive general transportation information including traffic and road conditions, incident information, maintenance and construction information, event information, transit information, parking information, weather information, and broadcast alerts. |
| Vehicle Trip Planning and Route Guidance | "Vehicle Trip Planning and Route Guidance" includes the in-vehicle system that coordinates with a traveler information center to provide a personalized trip plan to the driver. The trip plan is calculated by the Transportation Information Center (TIC) based on preferences and constraints supplied by the driver and provided to the driver for confirmation. Reservations and advanced payment may also be processed to confirm the trip plan. Coordination with the TIC may continue during the trip so that the route plan can be modified to account for new information. Many equipment configurations are possible including in-vehicle systems that provide a basic trip plan to the driver as well as more sophisticated systems that can provide turn by turn guidance to the driver along the route. |
| Vehicle Trust Management | "Vehicle Trust Management" manages the certificates and associated keys that are used to sign, encrypt, decrypt, and authenticate messages. It communicates with the Security and Credentials Management System to maintain a current, valid set of security certificates and identifies, logs, and reports events that may indicate a threat to the Connected Vehicle Environment security. |
| WAID Broadcast Services | "WAID Broadcast Services" provides wide-area digital broadcast of traveler information to transportation users across a region. It collects traveler information of interest to it's clientele (either subscribers or the general public) and distributes the traveler information using broadcast data services that are offered in context with entertainment and other data services. |
| WAID Support Services | "WAID Support Services" provides foundational functions that support data collection, management, and distribution. It coordinates with Object Registration and Discovery to maintain its registration with respect to location/geographic scope and credentialing information. It maintains the necessary security credentials, authorizations, and associated keys to support communications in the connected vehicle environment. It also provides an overall service monitoring function. |
| WAID Trust Management | 'WAID Trust Management' manages the certificates and associated keys that are used to sign, encrypt, decrypt, and authenticate messages. It communicates with the Cooperative ITS Credentials Management System to maintain a current, valid set of security certificates and identifies, logs, and reports events that may indicate a threat to the Connected Vehicle Environment security. |
| Wayside Equipment | 'Wayside Equipment' represents train interface equipment (usually) maintained and operated by the railroad and (usually) physically located at or near a grade crossing. It is a source and destination for information for, or about, approaching trains and their crews (e.g. the time at which the train will arrive and the time it will take to clear a crossing, crossing status or warnings, etc.). Generally one wayside equipment interface would be associated with one highway rail intersection. However, multiple crossings may be controlled using information based on data from one wayside equipment interface. |
| Weather Service | The 'Weather Service' provides weather, hydrologic, and climate information and warnings of hazardous weather including thunderstorms, flooding, hurricanes, tornadoes, winter weather, tsunamis, and climate events. It provides atmospheric weather observations and forecasts that are collected and derived by the National Weather Service, private sector providers, and various research organizations. The interface provides formatted weather data products suitable for on-line processing and integration with other ITS data products as well as Doppler radar images, satellite images, severe storm warnings, and other products that are formatted for presentation to various ITS users. |
| Wide Area Information Disseminator | The 'Wide Area Information Disseminator' represents the Connected Vehicle center based systems and communications equipment that is used to send messages to equipped vehicles using wide-area wireless communications such as satellite radio, terrestrial FM broadcast subcarrier, or cellular data networks. |